TY - JOUR
T1 - Who Benefits Most? A Multisite Study of Coaching and Resident Well-being
AU - Palamara, Kerri
AU - Chu, Jacqueline T.
AU - Chang, Yuchiao
AU - Yu, Liyang
AU - Cosco, Dominique
AU - Higgins, Stacy
AU - Tulsky, Asher
AU - Mourad, Ronda
AU - Singh, Simran
AU - Steinhauser, Karen
AU - Donelan, Karen
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors wish to thank the faculty coaches and resident participants who engaged in the program, as well as the Departments of Medicine at each institution for their support in developing and onboarding this program. The authors wish to express gratitude to the Arthur Vining Davis Foundation and the Physicians Foundation, for the financial support for our program evaluation. The authors wish to acknowledge the Institute of Coaching and Carol Kauffman, PhD, for their expertise in designing and implementing this program.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, Society of General Internal Medicine.
PY - 2022/2
Y1 - 2022/2
N2 - Background: Coaching has been shown to improve resident well-being; however, not all benefit equally. Objective: Assess predictors of changes in resident physician well-being and burnout in a multisite implementation of a Professional Development Coaching Program. Design: Pre- and post-implementation surveys administered to participant cohorts at implementation sites in their intern year. Effect size was calculated comparing pre- and post-intervention paired data. Participants: In total, 272 residents in their intern year at five internal medicine residency programs (Boston Medical Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Duke University, Emory University, Massachusetts General Hospital). Analyses included 129 residents with paired data. Interventions: Interns were paired with a faculty coach trained in positive psychology and coaching skills and asked to meet quarterly with coaches. Main Measures: Primary outcomes included Maslach Burnout Inventory depersonalization (DP) and emotional exhaustion (EE) subscales, and the PERMA well-being scale. Key predictors included site, demographics, intolerance of uncertainty, hardiness-resilience, gratitude, and coping. Program moderators included were reflection, goal setting, and feedback. Key Results: Well-being (PERMA) changed from baseline to follow-up in all participants; females showed a decline and males an increase (−1.41 vs.83, p = 0.04). Self-reflection was associated with positive change in PERMA (mean positive change 1.93, p = 0.009). Burnout (EE) declined in non-Hispanic white residents vs. Black/Asian/Hispanic/other residents (−1.86, p = 0.021). Burnout improved with increased goal setting. Conclusion: Coaching programs should consider tailored approaches to support residents whose well-being is impacted by gender and/or race, and who have higher intolerance of uncertainty and lower resilience at baseline. Coaching skills of goal setting and reflection may positively affect interns and teach coping skills.
AB - Background: Coaching has been shown to improve resident well-being; however, not all benefit equally. Objective: Assess predictors of changes in resident physician well-being and burnout in a multisite implementation of a Professional Development Coaching Program. Design: Pre- and post-implementation surveys administered to participant cohorts at implementation sites in their intern year. Effect size was calculated comparing pre- and post-intervention paired data. Participants: In total, 272 residents in their intern year at five internal medicine residency programs (Boston Medical Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Duke University, Emory University, Massachusetts General Hospital). Analyses included 129 residents with paired data. Interventions: Interns were paired with a faculty coach trained in positive psychology and coaching skills and asked to meet quarterly with coaches. Main Measures: Primary outcomes included Maslach Burnout Inventory depersonalization (DP) and emotional exhaustion (EE) subscales, and the PERMA well-being scale. Key predictors included site, demographics, intolerance of uncertainty, hardiness-resilience, gratitude, and coping. Program moderators included were reflection, goal setting, and feedback. Key Results: Well-being (PERMA) changed from baseline to follow-up in all participants; females showed a decline and males an increase (−1.41 vs.83, p = 0.04). Self-reflection was associated with positive change in PERMA (mean positive change 1.93, p = 0.009). Burnout (EE) declined in non-Hispanic white residents vs. Black/Asian/Hispanic/other residents (−1.86, p = 0.021). Burnout improved with increased goal setting. Conclusion: Coaching programs should consider tailored approaches to support residents whose well-being is impacted by gender and/or race, and who have higher intolerance of uncertainty and lower resilience at baseline. Coaching skills of goal setting and reflection may positively affect interns and teach coping skills.
KW - burnout
KW - coaching
KW - faculty development
KW - graduate medical education
KW - well-being
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85107724231&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s11606-021-06903-5
DO - 10.1007/s11606-021-06903-5
M3 - Article
C2 - 34100238
AN - SCOPUS:85107724231
SN - 0884-8734
VL - 37
SP - 539
EP - 547
JO - Journal of General Internal Medicine
JF - Journal of General Internal Medicine
IS - 3
ER -