TY - JOUR
T1 - Vicariant Patterns of Fragmentation among Gekkonid Lizards of the Genus Teratoscincus Produced by the Indian Collision
T2 - A Molecular Phylogenetic Perspective and an Area Cladogram for Central Asia
AU - Macey, J. Robert
AU - Wang, Yuezhao
AU - Ananjeva, Natalia B.
AU - Larson, Allan
AU - Papenfuss, Theodore J.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by grants from the National Science Foundation (predoctoral fellowship to J.R.M.; DEB-9726064 to A.L., J.R.M. and T.J.P.), National Geographic Society (4110-89 and 4872-93 to T.J.P. and J.R.M.), Russian Foundation of Basic Research (N 97-04-50093 to N.B.A.), and the California Academy of Sciences. We thank Zhili Fang, Tatjana Dujsebayeza, and Ermi Zhao for field assistance, and Alok Verma for assistance in the laboratory. The first author thanks David B. Wake and Margaret F. Smith for the opportunity to collect allozymic data at the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology.
PY - 1999/8
Y1 - 1999/8
N2 - A well-supported phylogenetic hypothesis is presented for gekkonid lizards of the genus Teratoscincus. Phylogenetic relationships of four of the five species are investigated using 1733 aligned bases of mitochondrial DNA sequence from the genes encoding ND1 (subunit one of NADH dehydrogenase), tRNAIle, tRNAGln, tRNAMet, ND2, tRNATrp, tRNAAla, tRNAAsn, tRNACys, tRNATyr, and COI (subunit I of cytochrome c oxidase). A single most parsimonious tree depicts T. przewalskii and T. roborowskii as a monophyletic group, with T. scincus as their sister taxon and T. microlepis as the sister taxon to the clade containing the first three species. The aligned sequences contain 341 phylogenetically informative characters. Each node is supported by a bootstrap value of 100% and the shortest suboptimal tree requires 29 additional steps. Allozymic variation is presented for proteins encoded by 19 loci but these data are largely uninformative phylogenetically. Teratoscincus species occur on tectonic plates of Gondwanan origin that were compressed by the impinging Indian Subcontinent, resulting in massive montane uplifting along plate boundaries. Taxa occurring in China (Tarim Block) form a monophyletic group showing vicariant separation from taxa in former Soviet Central Asia and northern Afghanistan (Farah Block); alternative biogeographic hypotheses are statistically rejected. This vicariant event involved the rise of the Tien Shan-Pamir and is well dated to 10 million years before present. Using this date for separation of taxa occurring on opposite sides of the Tien Shan-Pamir, an evolutionary rate of 0.57% divergence per lineage per million years is calculated. This rate is similar to estimates derived from fish, bufonid frogs, and agamid lizards for the same region of the mitochondrial genome (~0.65% divergence per lineage per million years). Evolutionary divergence of the mitochondrial genome has a surprisingly stable rate across vertebrates.
AB - A well-supported phylogenetic hypothesis is presented for gekkonid lizards of the genus Teratoscincus. Phylogenetic relationships of four of the five species are investigated using 1733 aligned bases of mitochondrial DNA sequence from the genes encoding ND1 (subunit one of NADH dehydrogenase), tRNAIle, tRNAGln, tRNAMet, ND2, tRNATrp, tRNAAla, tRNAAsn, tRNACys, tRNATyr, and COI (subunit I of cytochrome c oxidase). A single most parsimonious tree depicts T. przewalskii and T. roborowskii as a monophyletic group, with T. scincus as their sister taxon and T. microlepis as the sister taxon to the clade containing the first three species. The aligned sequences contain 341 phylogenetically informative characters. Each node is supported by a bootstrap value of 100% and the shortest suboptimal tree requires 29 additional steps. Allozymic variation is presented for proteins encoded by 19 loci but these data are largely uninformative phylogenetically. Teratoscincus species occur on tectonic plates of Gondwanan origin that were compressed by the impinging Indian Subcontinent, resulting in massive montane uplifting along plate boundaries. Taxa occurring in China (Tarim Block) form a monophyletic group showing vicariant separation from taxa in former Soviet Central Asia and northern Afghanistan (Farah Block); alternative biogeographic hypotheses are statistically rejected. This vicariant event involved the rise of the Tien Shan-Pamir and is well dated to 10 million years before present. Using this date for separation of taxa occurring on opposite sides of the Tien Shan-Pamir, an evolutionary rate of 0.57% divergence per lineage per million years is calculated. This rate is similar to estimates derived from fish, bufonid frogs, and agamid lizards for the same region of the mitochondrial genome (~0.65% divergence per lineage per million years). Evolutionary divergence of the mitochondrial genome has a surprisingly stable rate across vertebrates.
KW - Asia
KW - biogeography
KW - China
KW - Gekkonidae
KW - Gekkota
KW - Indian collision
KW - Kazakhstan
KW - mitochondrial DNA
KW - Pakistan
KW - phylogenetics
KW - replication
KW - Reptilia
KW - Sauria
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0033173233&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1006/mpev.1999.0641
DO - 10.1006/mpev.1999.0641
M3 - Article
C2 - 10413626
AN - SCOPUS:0033173233
SN - 1055-7903
VL - 12
SP - 320
EP - 332
JO - Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
JF - Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
IS - 3
ER -