TY - JOUR
T1 - Validity and reliability of a Persian translation of the Minimal Assessment of Cognitive Function in Multiple Sclerosis (MACFIMS)
AU - Eshaghi, Arman
AU - Riyahi-Alam, Sadjad
AU - Roostaei, Tina
AU - Haeri, Ghazal
AU - Aghsaei, Aida
AU - Aidi, Mohammad Reza
AU - Pouretemad, Hamid Reza
AU - Zarei, Mojtaba
AU - Farhang, Sara
AU - Saeedi, Roghayeh
AU - Nazeri, Arash
AU - Ganjgahi, Habib
AU - Etesam, Farnaz
AU - Azimi, Amir Reza
AU - Benedict, Ralph H.B.
AU - Sahraian, Mohammad Ali
N1 - Funding Information:
This study has been funded by a research grant from Merck-Serono. The authors would like to acknowledge the cooperation and generosity of all the MS patients and controls who participated in this study. We are grateful to Fatemeh Jabbari, Mohaddeseh Zera’atalab, and Ruhollah Davari for their support during this study.
PY - 2012/8
Y1 - 2012/8
N2 - Cognitive dysfunction is common in multiple sclerosis (MS) and validated batteries are limited in languages other than English. We aimed to translate, cross-culturally adapt, validate, and assess reliability of Minimal Assessment of Cognitive Function in MS (MACFIMS) in Persian. The MACFIMS is a well-constructed battery in the MS literature. The battery was adapted to Persian in accordance with available guidelines. A total of 158 MS patients and 90 controls underwent neuropsychological assessment. For reliability assessment the battery was re-administered in a subset of 41 patients after a short interval using alternate forms to mitigate practice effects (approximately 10 days). Patients performed significantly worse than controls in all cognitive tests, supporting discriminant validity of our adapted battery. Approximately half of patients (46.2%) showed cognitive impairment as defined by the impairment in two or more tests. The Symbol Digit Modalities Test was the most robust test by ROC analysis. All tests showed acceptable to good level of reliability. This is the first validation of gold-standard cognitive testing in Persian. The Persian MACFIMS shows nearly the same psychometrics as its English counterpart.
AB - Cognitive dysfunction is common in multiple sclerosis (MS) and validated batteries are limited in languages other than English. We aimed to translate, cross-culturally adapt, validate, and assess reliability of Minimal Assessment of Cognitive Function in MS (MACFIMS) in Persian. The MACFIMS is a well-constructed battery in the MS literature. The battery was adapted to Persian in accordance with available guidelines. A total of 158 MS patients and 90 controls underwent neuropsychological assessment. For reliability assessment the battery was re-administered in a subset of 41 patients after a short interval using alternate forms to mitigate practice effects (approximately 10 days). Patients performed significantly worse than controls in all cognitive tests, supporting discriminant validity of our adapted battery. Approximately half of patients (46.2%) showed cognitive impairment as defined by the impairment in two or more tests. The Symbol Digit Modalities Test was the most robust test by ROC analysis. All tests showed acceptable to good level of reliability. This is the first validation of gold-standard cognitive testing in Persian. The Persian MACFIMS shows nearly the same psychometrics as its English counterpart.
KW - Cognitive assessment
KW - MACFIMS
KW - Multiple sclerosis
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84871866800&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1080/13854046.2012.694912
DO - 10.1080/13854046.2012.694912
M3 - Article
C2 - 22681459
AN - SCOPUS:84871866800
SN - 1385-4046
VL - 26
SP - 975
EP - 984
JO - Clinical Neuropsychologist
JF - Clinical Neuropsychologist
IS - 6
ER -