Upcoming candidate cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of Alzheimers disease

Anne M. Fagan, Richard J. Perrin

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

98 Scopus citations

Abstract

Dementia due to Alzheimers disease (AD) is estimated to reach epidemic proportions by the year 2030. Given the limited accuracy of current AD clinical diagnosis, biomarkers of AD pathologies are currently being sought. Reductions in cerebrospinal fluid levels of -amyloid 42 (a marker of amyloid plaques) and elevations in tau species (markers of neurofibrillary tangles and/or neurodegeneration) are well-established as biomarkers useful for AD diagnosis and prognosis. However, novel markers for other features of AD pathophysiology (e.g., -amyloid processing, neuroinflammation and neuronal stress/dysfunction) and for other non-AD dementias are required to improve the accuracy of AD disease diagnosis, prognosis, staging and therapeutic monitoring (theragnosis). This article discusses the potential of several promising novel cerebrospinal fluid analytes, highlights the next steps critical for advancement in the field, and provides a prediction on how the field may evolve in 5-10 years.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)455-476
Number of pages22
JournalBiomarkers in Medicine
Volume6
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - Aug 2012

Keywords

  • Alzheimers disease
  • amyloid
  • biomarker
  • cerebrospinal fluid
  • diagnostic accuracy
  • neurodegeneration
  • neurofibrillary tangles
  • neuroinflammation
  • prognosis
  • theragnosis

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