TY - JOUR
T1 - Two ethnic-specific polymorphisms in the human Agouti-related protein gene are associated with macronutrient intake
AU - Loos, Ruth J.F.
AU - Rankinen, Tuomo
AU - Rice, Treva
AU - Rao, D. C.
AU - Leon, Arthur S.
AU - Skinner, James S.
AU - Bouchard, Claude
AU - Argyropoulos, George
PY - 2005
Y1 - 2005
N2 - Background: The Agouti-related protein (AGRP), an appetite modulator, induces hyperphagia when administered intracerebroventricularly or when overexpressed in transgenic mice. Exogenous administration of AGRP in rodents predisposes to high fat and high sugar intakes. Objective: The objective was to examine the potential associations of 2 ethnic-specific polymorphisms in the AGRP gene (Ala67Thr in whites and - 38C>T in blacks) in the Health, Risk Factors, Exercise Training, and Genetics (HERITAGE) Family Study. Design: We examined the effect of the 2 polymorphisms in the AGRP gene on self-reported macronutrient intakes in 478 white and 272 black participants in the HERITAGE Family Study. Results: Both AGRP polymorphisms showed a significant association with energy intake. In whites, a smaller proportion of total energy was derived from fat by the Ala67Thr heterozygotes (X̄ ± SEM: 29.4 ± 0.7%) than by the Ala67Ala homozygotes (31.5 ± 0.5%; P = 0.009), mainly because of a lower intake of saturated (P = 0.06) and monounsaturated (P = 0.01) fats by the Ala67Thr heterozygotes. The percent-age of energy from carbohydrates was 2.6% greater in the Ala67Thr heterozygotes (55.1 ± 1.1%) than in the Ala67Ala homozygotes (52.5 ± 0.6%; P = 0.03). In blacks, protein intake was associated with the -38C>T promoter polymorphism. T/T homozygotes had a significantly lower protein intake than did the C-allele carriers (C/C: 16.8 ± 0.4%; C/T. 17.2 ± 0.2%; T/T: 15.4 ± 0.7%; P = 0.04). No significant differences in total energy and alcohol intakes existed between genotype groups in blacks or whites. Conclusions: The present study suggests that 2 ethnic-specific AGRP variants, previously shown to be associated with leanness in the HERITAGE Family Study, are also associated with macronutrient intake.
AB - Background: The Agouti-related protein (AGRP), an appetite modulator, induces hyperphagia when administered intracerebroventricularly or when overexpressed in transgenic mice. Exogenous administration of AGRP in rodents predisposes to high fat and high sugar intakes. Objective: The objective was to examine the potential associations of 2 ethnic-specific polymorphisms in the AGRP gene (Ala67Thr in whites and - 38C>T in blacks) in the Health, Risk Factors, Exercise Training, and Genetics (HERITAGE) Family Study. Design: We examined the effect of the 2 polymorphisms in the AGRP gene on self-reported macronutrient intakes in 478 white and 272 black participants in the HERITAGE Family Study. Results: Both AGRP polymorphisms showed a significant association with energy intake. In whites, a smaller proportion of total energy was derived from fat by the Ala67Thr heterozygotes (X̄ ± SEM: 29.4 ± 0.7%) than by the Ala67Ala homozygotes (31.5 ± 0.5%; P = 0.009), mainly because of a lower intake of saturated (P = 0.06) and monounsaturated (P = 0.01) fats by the Ala67Thr heterozygotes. The percent-age of energy from carbohydrates was 2.6% greater in the Ala67Thr heterozygotes (55.1 ± 1.1%) than in the Ala67Ala homozygotes (52.5 ± 0.6%; P = 0.03). In blacks, protein intake was associated with the -38C>T promoter polymorphism. T/T homozygotes had a significantly lower protein intake than did the C-allele carriers (C/C: 16.8 ± 0.4%; C/T. 17.2 ± 0.2%; T/T: 15.4 ± 0.7%; P = 0.04). No significant differences in total energy and alcohol intakes existed between genotype groups in blacks or whites. Conclusions: The present study suggests that 2 ethnic-specific AGRP variants, previously shown to be associated with leanness in the HERITAGE Family Study, are also associated with macronutrient intake.
KW - -38C>T
KW - AGRP
KW - Agouti-related protein
KW - Ala67Thr
KW - Energy intake
KW - Food-frequency questionnaire
KW - Macronutrient intake
KW - Québec Family Study
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=32944474301&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/ajcn/82.5.1097
DO - 10.1093/ajcn/82.5.1097
M3 - Article
C2 - 16280444
AN - SCOPUS:32944474301
SN - 0002-9165
VL - 82
SP - 1097
EP - 1101
JO - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
JF - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
IS - 5
ER -