TY - JOUR
T1 - Tractography of the cerebellar peduncles in second- And third-trimester fetuses
AU - Machado-Rivas, F.
AU - Afacan, O.
AU - Khan, S.
AU - Marami, B.
AU - Rollins, C. K.
AU - Ortinau, C.
AU - Velasco-Annis, C.
AU - Warfield, S. K.
AU - Gholipour, A.
AU - Jaimes, C.
N1 - Funding Information:
Research reported in this study was supported, in part, by the American Academy of Neurology, grant/award No. ???????; a Clinical Research Training Fellowship; the Fetal Health Foundation; the McKnight Foundation; the National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression, grant/award No. ???????; Young Investigator; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, grant/award No. K23HL141602; Scholar Award from the Pediatric Heart Network; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, grant/award No. K23NS101120; National Institutes of Health, grant/award Nos. R01EB013248, R01EB018988, R01NS106030; and a Schlaeger Fellowship for Neuroscience Research. Please address correspondence to Camilo Jaimes, MD, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115; e-mail: camilo.jaimescobos@childrens.harvard.edu Indicates open access to non-subscribers at www.ajnr.org Indicates article with supplemental on-line tables. Indicates article with supplemental on-line photo. http://dx.doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6869
Funding Information:
Disclosures: Fedel Machado-Rivas—RELATED: Grant: Research reported in this study was supported, in part, by the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke of the National Institutes of Health Award Nos. R01EB018988, R01NS106030, and R01EB013248; a Technological Innovations in Neuroscience Award from the McKnight Foundation; a Schlaeger Fellowship for Neuroscience Research; and the Fetal Health Foundation. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the Fetal Health Foundation or the McKnight Foundation.* Bahram Marami—RELATED: Grant: Research reported in this study was supported, in part, by the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke of the National Institutes of Health under Award Nos. R01EB018988, R01NS106030, and R01EB013248; a Technological Innovations in Neuroscience Award from the McKnight Foundation; a Schlaeger Fellowship for Neuroscience Research; and the Fetal Health Foundation. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health, Fetal Health Foundation, or the McKnight Foundation.* Caitlin Rollins—RELATED: Grant: National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke*; UNRELATED: Expert Testimony: McCann Law, Comments: expert opinion writing; Grants/Grants Pending: National Institutes of Health, Children’s Heart Foundation. Cynthia Ortinau—RELATED: Grant: National Institutes of Health, Comments: National Institutes of Health/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute award No. K23HL141602.* Simon Warfield—RELATED: Grant: National Institutes of Health.* Ali Gholipour—RELATED: Grant: National Institutes of Health, Comments: The imaging and image processing in this article was partly supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health*; UNRELATED: Employment: Boston Children’s Hospital and Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Comments: paid through employment as research and teaching faculty; Grants/Grants Pending: National Institutes of Health.* *Money paid to the institution.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 American Society of Neuroradiology. All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/1/1
Y1 - 2021/1/1
N2 - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Little is known about microstructural development of cerebellar white matter in vivo. This study aimed to investigate developmental changes of the cerebellar peduncles in second- and third-trimester healthy fetuses using motion-corrected DTI and tractography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 3T data of 81 healthy fetuses were reviewed. Structural imaging consisted of multiplanar T2-singleshot sequences; DTI consisted of a series of 12-direction diffusion. A robust motion-tracked section-to-volume registration algorithm reconstructed images. ROI-based deterministic tractography was performed using anatomic landmarks described in postnatal tractography. Asymmetry was evaluated qualitatively with a perceived difference of .25% between sides. Linear regression evaluated gestational age as a predictor of tract volume, ADC, and fractional anisotropy. RESULTS: Twenty-four cases were excluded due to low-quality reconstructions. Fifty-eight fetuses with a median gestational age of 30.6 weeks (interquartile range, 7 weeks) were analyzed. The superior cerebellar peduncle was identified in 39 subjects (69%), and it was symmetric in 15 (38%). The middle cerebellar peduncle was identified in all subjects and appeared symmetric; in 13 subjects (22%), two distinct subcomponents were identified. The inferior cerebellar peduncle was not found in any subject. There was a significant increase in volume for the superior cerebellar peduncle and middle cerebellar peduncle (both, P<.05), an increase in fractional anisotropy (both, P<.001), and a decrease in ADC (both, P<.001) with gestational age. The middle cerebellar peduncle had higher volume (P<.001) and fractional anisotropy (P=.002) and lower ADC (P<.001) than the superior cerebellar peduncle after controlling for gestational age. CONCLUSIONS: A robust motion-tracked section-to-volume registration algorithm enabled deterministic tractography of the superior cerebellar peduncle and middle cerebellar peduncle in vivo and allowed characterization of developmental changes.
AB - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Little is known about microstructural development of cerebellar white matter in vivo. This study aimed to investigate developmental changes of the cerebellar peduncles in second- and third-trimester healthy fetuses using motion-corrected DTI and tractography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 3T data of 81 healthy fetuses were reviewed. Structural imaging consisted of multiplanar T2-singleshot sequences; DTI consisted of a series of 12-direction diffusion. A robust motion-tracked section-to-volume registration algorithm reconstructed images. ROI-based deterministic tractography was performed using anatomic landmarks described in postnatal tractography. Asymmetry was evaluated qualitatively with a perceived difference of .25% between sides. Linear regression evaluated gestational age as a predictor of tract volume, ADC, and fractional anisotropy. RESULTS: Twenty-four cases were excluded due to low-quality reconstructions. Fifty-eight fetuses with a median gestational age of 30.6 weeks (interquartile range, 7 weeks) were analyzed. The superior cerebellar peduncle was identified in 39 subjects (69%), and it was symmetric in 15 (38%). The middle cerebellar peduncle was identified in all subjects and appeared symmetric; in 13 subjects (22%), two distinct subcomponents were identified. The inferior cerebellar peduncle was not found in any subject. There was a significant increase in volume for the superior cerebellar peduncle and middle cerebellar peduncle (both, P<.05), an increase in fractional anisotropy (both, P<.001), and a decrease in ADC (both, P<.001) with gestational age. The middle cerebellar peduncle had higher volume (P<.001) and fractional anisotropy (P=.002) and lower ADC (P<.001) than the superior cerebellar peduncle after controlling for gestational age. CONCLUSIONS: A robust motion-tracked section-to-volume registration algorithm enabled deterministic tractography of the superior cerebellar peduncle and middle cerebellar peduncle in vivo and allowed characterization of developmental changes.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85099375329&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3174/ajnr.A6869
DO - 10.3174/ajnr.A6869
M3 - Article
C2 - 33431505
AN - SCOPUS:85099375329
VL - 42
SP - 194
EP - 200
JO - American Journal of Neuroradiology
JF - American Journal of Neuroradiology
SN - 0195-6108
IS - 1
ER -