TY - JOUR
T1 - TOR in the immune system
AU - Araki, Koichi
AU - Ellebedy, Ali H.
AU - Ahmed, Rafi
N1 - Funding Information:
R.A. was supported partly by the National Institutes of Health (Grant AI30048 and Grant AI088575 ).
PY - 2011/12
Y1 - 2011/12
N2 - The target of rapamycin (TOR) is a crucial intracellular regulator of the immune system. Recent studies have suggested that immunosuppression by TOR inhibition may be mediated by modulating differentiation of both effector and regulatory CD4 T cell subsets. However, it was paradoxically shown that inhibiting TOR signaling has immunostimulatory effects on the generation of long-lived memory CD8 T cells. Beneficial effects of TOR inhibition have also been observed with dendritic cells and hematopoietic stem cells. This immune modulation may contribute to lifespan extension seen in mice with mTOR inhibition. Here, we review recent findings on TOR modulation of innate and adaptive immune responses, and discuss potential applications of regulating TOR to provide longer and healthier immunity.
AB - The target of rapamycin (TOR) is a crucial intracellular regulator of the immune system. Recent studies have suggested that immunosuppression by TOR inhibition may be mediated by modulating differentiation of both effector and regulatory CD4 T cell subsets. However, it was paradoxically shown that inhibiting TOR signaling has immunostimulatory effects on the generation of long-lived memory CD8 T cells. Beneficial effects of TOR inhibition have also been observed with dendritic cells and hematopoietic stem cells. This immune modulation may contribute to lifespan extension seen in mice with mTOR inhibition. Here, we review recent findings on TOR modulation of innate and adaptive immune responses, and discuss potential applications of regulating TOR to provide longer and healthier immunity.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=82555164917&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ceb.2011.08.006
DO - 10.1016/j.ceb.2011.08.006
M3 - Review article
C2 - 21925855
AN - SCOPUS:82555164917
VL - 23
SP - 707
EP - 715
JO - Current Opinion in Cell Biology
JF - Current Opinion in Cell Biology
SN - 0955-0674
IS - 6
ER -