TY - JOUR
T1 - The roles of familial transmission and smoking during pregnancy on executive function skills
T2 - A sibling-comparison study
AU - Knopik, Valerie S.
AU - Micalizzi, Lauren
AU - Marceau, Kristine
AU - Loviska, Amy M.
AU - Yu, Li
AU - Bien, Alexandra
AU - Rolan, Emily
AU - Evans, Allison S.
AU - Palmer, Rohan H.C.
AU - Heath, Andrew C.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
©
PY - 2022/12/30
Y1 - 2022/12/30
N2 - This research examines maternal smoking during pregnancy and risk for poorer executive function in siblings discordant for exposure. Data (N = 173 families) were drawn from the Missouri Mothers and Their Children study, a sample, identified using birth records (years 1998-2005), in which mothers changed smoking behavior between two pregnancies (Child 1 [older sibling]: Mage = 12.99; Child 2 [younger sibling]: Mage = 10.19). A sibling comparison approach was used, providing a robust test for the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and different aspects of executive function in early-mid adolescence. Results suggested within-family (i.e., potentially causal) associations between maternal smoking during pregnancy and one working memory task (visual working memory) and one response inhibition task (color-word interference), with increased exposure associated with decreased performance. Maternal smoking during pregnancy was not associated with stop-signal reaction time, cognitive flexibility/set-shifting, or auditory working memory. Initial within-family associations between maternal smoking during pregnancy and visual working memory as well as color-word interference were fully attenuated in a model including child and familial covariates. These findings indicate that exposure to maternal smoking during pregnancy may be associated with poorer performance on some, but not all skills assessed; however, familial transmission of risk for low executive function appears more important.
AB - This research examines maternal smoking during pregnancy and risk for poorer executive function in siblings discordant for exposure. Data (N = 173 families) were drawn from the Missouri Mothers and Their Children study, a sample, identified using birth records (years 1998-2005), in which mothers changed smoking behavior between two pregnancies (Child 1 [older sibling]: Mage = 12.99; Child 2 [younger sibling]: Mage = 10.19). A sibling comparison approach was used, providing a robust test for the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and different aspects of executive function in early-mid adolescence. Results suggested within-family (i.e., potentially causal) associations between maternal smoking during pregnancy and one working memory task (visual working memory) and one response inhibition task (color-word interference), with increased exposure associated with decreased performance. Maternal smoking during pregnancy was not associated with stop-signal reaction time, cognitive flexibility/set-shifting, or auditory working memory. Initial within-family associations between maternal smoking during pregnancy and visual working memory as well as color-word interference were fully attenuated in a model including child and familial covariates. These findings indicate that exposure to maternal smoking during pregnancy may be associated with poorer performance on some, but not all skills assessed; however, familial transmission of risk for low executive function appears more important.
KW - executive function
KW - family studies
KW - smoking during pregnancy
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85145183803&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1017/S095457942200075X
DO - 10.1017/S095457942200075X
M3 - Article
C2 - 36039978
AN - SCOPUS:85145183803
SN - 0954-5794
VL - 34
SP - 1803
EP - 1815
JO - Development and Psychopathology
JF - Development and Psychopathology
IS - 5
ER -