The Psychobiology of the Path to a Joyful Life:Implications for Future Research and Practice

Recent psychobiological and developmental research shows that the path to a good and joyful life depends on the integration of three distinct systems of learning and memory that regulate (1) associative conditioning, (2) intentional self-control, and (3) self-awareness. The integration of these learning networks depends on complex molecular pathways involving 972 genes that regulate human temperament and character, which we recently identified and replicated in independent samples despite variable environments and cultures. Awareness of these processes of human thought facilitates self-regulation of how these genes are expressed and how learning processes are integrated to adapt to ever-changing conditions. Such awareness leads to a self-transcendent outlook that activates psychobiological mechanisms that promote healthy longevity, positive emotionality, and prosocial behavior. Our empirical findings show that the path to a good life requires the integration of physical, mental, and spiritual aspects of the person, rather than only one or two of these aspects.