@article{2bbbec90f23544219a972e257efd8364,
title = "The performance of plasma amyloid beta measurements in identifying amyloid plaques in Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s disease: a literature review",
abstract = "The extracellular buildup of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques in the brain is a hallmark of Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s disease (AD). Detection of Aβ pathology is essential for AD diagnosis and for identifying and recruiting research participants for clinical trials evaluating disease-modifying therapies. Currently, AD diagnoses are usually made by clinical assessments, although detection of AD pathology with positron emission tomography (PET) scans or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis can be used by specialty clinics. These measures of Aβ aggregation, e.g. plaques, protofibrils, and oligomers, are medically invasive and often only available at specialized medical centers or not covered by medical insurance, and PET scans are costly. Therefore, a major goal in recent years has been to identify blood-based biomarkers that can accurately detect AD pathology with cost-effective, minimally invasive procedures. To assess the performance of plasma Aβ assays in predicting amyloid burden in the central nervous system (CNS), this review compares twenty-one different manuscripts that used measurements of 42 and 40 amino acid-long Aβ (Aβ42 and Aβ40) in plasma to predict CNS amyloid status. Methodologies that quantitate Aβ42 and 40 peptides in blood via immunoassay or immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry (IP-MS) were considered, and their ability to distinguish participants with amyloidosis compared to amyloid PET and CSF Aβ measures as reference standards was evaluated. Recent studies indicate that some IP-MS assays perform well in accurately and precisely measuring Aβ and detecting brain amyloid aggregates.",
keywords = "Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s disease, Amyloid beta, Amyloidosis, Biomarker, Blood, Plasma",
author = "Brand, {Abby L.} and Lawler, {Paige E.} and Bollinger, {James G.} and Yan Li and Schindler, {Suzanne E.} and Melody Li and Samir Lopez and Vitaliy Ovod and Akinori Nakamura and Shaw, {Leslie M.} and Henrik Zetterberg and Oskar Hansson and Bateman, {Randall J.}",
note = "Funding Information: HZ has served at scientific advisory boards and/or as a consultant for Abbvie, Alector, ALZPath, Annexon, Apellis, Artery Therapeutics, AZTherapies, CogRx, Denali, Eisai, Nervgen, Novo Nordisk, Pinteon Therapeutics, Red Abbey Labs, reMYND, Passage Bio, Roche, Samumed, Siemens Healthineers, Triplet Therapeutics, and Wave, has given lectures in symposia sponsored by Cellectricon, Fujirebio, Alzecure, Biogen, and Roche, and is a co-founder of Brain Biomarker Solutions in Gothenburg AB (BBS), which is a part of the GU Ventures Incubator Program (outside submitted work). OH has acquired research support (for the institution) from ADx, AVID Radiopharmaceuticals, Biogen, Eli Lilly, Eisai, Fujirebio, GE Healthcare, Pfizer, and Roche. In the past 2 years, he has received consultancy/speaker fees from AC Immune, Amylyx, Alzpath, BioArctic, Biogen, Cerveau, Fujirebio, Genentech, Novartis, Roche, and Siemens. LMS has served on scientific advisory boards and/or consultant for Biogen, Fujirebio, Roche, and Siemens Healthineers and lectured in conferences sponsored by Biogen, Fujirebio, and Roche. AN has nothing to declare about COI, but NCGG shares some patents with Shimadzu and receives royalty. SES has analyzed data provided by C2N Diagnostics to Washington University, but she has not received any research funding or personal compensation from C2N Diagnostics or any other for-profit organizations. RJB co-founded C2N Diagnostics. Washington University and RJB have equity ownership interest in C2N Diagnostics and receive royalty income based on technology (stable isotope labeling kinetics, blood plasma assay, and methods of diagnosing AD with phosphorylation changes) licensed by Washington University to C2N Diagnostics. RJB receives income from C2N Diagnostics for serving on the scientific advisory board. RJB has received research funding from Avid Radiopharmaceuticals, Janssen, Roche/Genentech, Eli Lilly, Eisai, Biogen, AbbVie, Bristol Myers Squibb, and Novartis. Funding Information: HZ is a Wallenberg Scholar supported by grants from the Swedish Research Council (#2018-02532), the European Research Council (#681712 and #101053962), Swedish State Support for Clinical Research (#ALFGBG-71320), the Alzheimer Drug Discovery Foundation (ADDF), USA (#201809-2016862), the AD Strategic Fund and the Alzheimer's Association (#ADSF-21-831376-C, #ADSF-21-831381-C and #ADSF-21-831377-C), the Olav Thon Foundation, the Erling-Persson Family Foundation, Stiftelsen f{\"o}r Gamla Tj{\"a}narinnor, Hj{\"a}rnfonden, Sweden (#FO2019-0228), the European Union{\textquoteright}s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sk{\l}odowska-Curie grant agreement No 860197 (MIRIADE), the European Union Joint Programme – Neurodegenerative Disease Research (JPND2021-00694), and the UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL (UKDRI-1003). OH was supported by the Swedish Research Council (2016-00906), the Knut and Alice Wallenberg foundation (2017-0383), the Marianne and Marcus Wallenberg foundation (2015.0125), the Strategic Research Area MultiPark (Multidisciplinary Research in Parkinson{\textquoteright}s disease) at Lund University, the Swedish Alzheimer Foundation (AF-939932), the Swedish Brain Foundation (FO2021-0293), The Parkinson foundation of Sweden (1280/20), the Konung Gustaf V:s och Drottning Victorias Frimurarestiftelse, the Sk{\aa}ne University Hospital Foundation (2020-O000028), Regionalt Forskningsst{\"o}d (2020-0314) and the Swedish federal government under the ALF agreement (2018-Projekt0279). LMS receives research support from the NIA (U19AG024904, P30AG072979) and NIMH ( R01MH117114) and MJFox Foundation for Parkinson{\textquoteright}s Disease Research (project #13637.01). AN receives research support from Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED: JP18dk0207022, JP20dk0207027, JP22ae0101077, and JP22dk0207052). SES is supported by NIH R01AG070941. RJB is supported by NIA RF1AG061900, NIA/NINDS R01NS095773, NIA R21AG067559, Cure Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s Fund, Rainwater Charitable Foundation, TargetALS, and the Tracy Family SILQ Center established by the Tracy Family, Richard Frimel and Gary Werths, GHR Foundation, David Payne, and the Willman Family brought together by The Foundation for Barnes-Jewish Hospital. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022, The Author(s).",
year = "2022",
month = dec,
doi = "10.1186/s13195-022-01117-1",
language = "English",
volume = "14",
journal = "Alzheimer's Research and Therapy",
issn = "1758-9193",
number = "1",
}