TY - JOUR
T1 - The motivation and pleasure dimension of negative symptoms
T2 - Neural substrates and behavioral outputs
AU - Kring, Ann M.
AU - Barch, Deanna M.
N1 - Funding Information:
Completion of this manuscript was supported in part by NIMH Grant 1R01MH082890 awarded to Ann Kring; the NIMH had no further role in preparation or completion of this review.
PY - 2014/5
Y1 - 2014/5
N2 - A range of emotional and motivation impairments have long been clinically documented in people with schizophrenia, and there has been a resurgence of interest in understanding the psychological and neural mechanisms of the so-called "negative symptoms" in schizophrenia, given their lack of treatment responsiveness and their role in constraining function and life satisfaction in this illness. Negative symptoms comprise two domains, with the first covering diminished motivation and pleasure across a range of life domains and the second covering diminished verbal and non-verbal expression and communicative output. In this review, we focus on four aspects of the motivation/pleasure domain, providing a brief review of the behavioral and neural underpinnings of this domain. First, we cover liking or in-the-moment pleasure: immediate responses to pleasurable stimuli. Second, we cover anticipatory pleasure or wanting, which involves prediction of a forthcoming enjoyable outcome (reward) and feeling pleasure in anticipation of that outcome. Third, we address motivation, which comprises effort computation, which involves figuring out how much effort is needed to achieve a desired outcome, planning, and behavioral response. Finally, we cover the maintenance emotional states and behavioral responses. Throughout, we consider the behavioral manifestations and brain representations of these four aspects of motivation/pleasure deficits in schizophrenia. We conclude with directions for future research as well as implications for treatment.
AB - A range of emotional and motivation impairments have long been clinically documented in people with schizophrenia, and there has been a resurgence of interest in understanding the psychological and neural mechanisms of the so-called "negative symptoms" in schizophrenia, given their lack of treatment responsiveness and their role in constraining function and life satisfaction in this illness. Negative symptoms comprise two domains, with the first covering diminished motivation and pleasure across a range of life domains and the second covering diminished verbal and non-verbal expression and communicative output. In this review, we focus on four aspects of the motivation/pleasure domain, providing a brief review of the behavioral and neural underpinnings of this domain. First, we cover liking or in-the-moment pleasure: immediate responses to pleasurable stimuli. Second, we cover anticipatory pleasure or wanting, which involves prediction of a forthcoming enjoyable outcome (reward) and feeling pleasure in anticipation of that outcome. Third, we address motivation, which comprises effort computation, which involves figuring out how much effort is needed to achieve a desired outcome, planning, and behavioral response. Finally, we cover the maintenance emotional states and behavioral responses. Throughout, we consider the behavioral manifestations and brain representations of these four aspects of motivation/pleasure deficits in schizophrenia. We conclude with directions for future research as well as implications for treatment.
KW - Anticipation
KW - Effort
KW - Motivation
KW - Neural substrates
KW - Pleasure
KW - Schizophrenia
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84899930219&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2013.06.007
DO - 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2013.06.007
M3 - Article
C2 - 24461724
AN - SCOPUS:84899930219
SN - 0924-977X
VL - 24
SP - 725
EP - 736
JO - European Neuropsychopharmacology
JF - European Neuropsychopharmacology
IS - 5
ER -