TY - JOUR
T1 - The genome of Mesobuthus martensii reveals a unique adaptation model of arthropods
AU - Cao, Zhijian
AU - Yu, Yao
AU - Wu, Yingliang
AU - Hao, Pei
AU - Di, Zhiyong
AU - He, Yawen
AU - Chen, Zongyun
AU - Yang, Weishan
AU - Shen, Zhiyong
AU - He, Xiaohua
AU - Sheng, Jia
AU - Xu, Xiaobo
AU - Pan, Bohu
AU - Feng, Jing
AU - Yang, Xiaojuan
AU - Hong, Wei
AU - Zhao, Wenjuan
AU - Li, Zhongjie
AU - Huang, Kai
AU - Li, Tian
AU - Kong, Yimeng
AU - Liu, Hui
AU - Jiang, Dahe
AU - Zhang, Binyan
AU - Hu, Jun
AU - Hu, Youtian
AU - Wang, Bin
AU - Dai, Jianliang
AU - Yuan, Bifeng
AU - Feng, Yuqi
AU - Huang, Wei
AU - Xing, Xiaojing
AU - Zhao, Guoping
AU - Li, Xuan
AU - Li, Yixue
AU - Li, Wenxin
N1 - Funding Information:
This work is supported by grants from the National Key Basic Research Program in China (nos 2010CB529800, 2012CB316501, 2010CB530100 and 2011CB910200), National Natural Science Foundation of China (nos 31071942, 31271409, 30530140 and 30800210), China Specific Project for Developing New Drugs (nos 2011ZX09401-302 and 2011ZX09102-001-32), Basic Project of Ministry of Science and Technology of China (no. 2007FY210800), National Scientific-Basic Special Fund (2009FY120100), National High Technology Research and Development Program (no. 2012AA020409) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities in China. The authors gratefully acknowledge the support by SA-SIBS Scholarship Program (to Y.Y. and P.H.) and by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2012M520952). We acknowledge the assistance of Victor Fet (Marshall University) and Jan Ove Rein (Norwegian University of Science & Technology) for providing important references. We thank Ning Kang (Capital Normal University, China) for taking pictures of scorpions, and Huabin Zhao (Wuhan University, China) and Rui Qin (Central South University for Nationalities, China) for helpful discussion in genetics and evolution of scorpions. We also thank Lin Chen and Hairong Duan (Encode Genomics, Suzhou, China), Lei Zhang and Qiongyi Zhao (Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China) and Xiaobao Pan and Huijie Chen (Tongji-SCBIT, Shanghai, China) for help with genome and transcriptome sequencing and with data processing.
PY - 2013
Y1 - 2013
N2 - Representing a basal branch of arachnids, scorpions are known as 'living fossils' that maintain an ancient anatomy and are adapted to have survived extreme climate changes. Here we report the genome sequence of Mesobuthus martensii, containing 32,016 protein-coding genes, the most among sequenced arthropods. Although M. martensii appears to evolve conservatively, it has a greater gene family turnover than the insects that have undergone diverse morphological and physiological changes, suggesting the decoupling of the molecular and morphological evolution in scorpions. Underlying the long-term adaptation of scorpions is the expansion of the gene families enriched in basic metabolic pathways, signalling pathways, neurotoxins and cytochrome P450, and the different dynamics of expansion between the shared and the scorpion lineage-specific gene families. Genomic and transcriptomic analyses further illustrate the important genetic features associated with prey, nocturnal behaviour, feeding and detoxification. The M. martensii genome reveals a unique adaptation model of arthropods, offering new insights into the genetic bases of the living fossils.
AB - Representing a basal branch of arachnids, scorpions are known as 'living fossils' that maintain an ancient anatomy and are adapted to have survived extreme climate changes. Here we report the genome sequence of Mesobuthus martensii, containing 32,016 protein-coding genes, the most among sequenced arthropods. Although M. martensii appears to evolve conservatively, it has a greater gene family turnover than the insects that have undergone diverse morphological and physiological changes, suggesting the decoupling of the molecular and morphological evolution in scorpions. Underlying the long-term adaptation of scorpions is the expansion of the gene families enriched in basic metabolic pathways, signalling pathways, neurotoxins and cytochrome P450, and the different dynamics of expansion between the shared and the scorpion lineage-specific gene families. Genomic and transcriptomic analyses further illustrate the important genetic features associated with prey, nocturnal behaviour, feeding and detoxification. The M. martensii genome reveals a unique adaptation model of arthropods, offering new insights into the genetic bases of the living fossils.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84888150068&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1038/ncomms3602
DO - 10.1038/ncomms3602
M3 - Article
C2 - 24129506
AN - SCOPUS:84888150068
SN - 2041-1723
VL - 4
JO - Nature communications
JF - Nature communications
M1 - 2602
ER -