The Dictyostelium discoideum prespore-specific catalase B functions to control late development and to protect spore viability

Changes in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been associated previously with cell differentiation and development in several systems. Thus, there is interest in studying the developmental regulation of antioxidant enzymes, whose activities may modulate ROS levels and subsequent oxidant-mediated signal transduction events in specific tissues. Our recent identification in Dictyostelium discoideum of the prespore-specific catalase B (CatB) enzyme suggested (a) that the CatB enzyme functions to provide protection to the mature spores, and (b) that the CatB enzyme may have a regulatory role in cell differentiation and morphogenesis. We have now confirmed both these hypotheses. We specifically disrupted the catB gene by homologous recombination. The resulting catB null strain displays a 4-h delay in development at the time of normal catB gene expression, followed by slow and asynchronous development of fruiting bodies, taking 10 h longer than the isogenic parent strain. The expression of both prestalk- and prespore-specific genes was altered in the mutant both temporally and quantitatively, and the resultant mutant spores had increased sensitivity to H₂O₂. This study supports the idea that CatB functions in the development of D. discoideum by regulating the level of ROS, and adds to the growing body of evidence for regulatory roles for ROS.