The conceptual basis for dissemination and implementation research: Lessons from existing models and frameworks

There are tangible benefits to the use of models to inform dissemination and implementation research. However dissemination and implementation scientists may find it difficult to select, adapt, and apply a model to their work. Guidance is provided on how to select a model, as answering several questions (e.g., the research question, scope of the study) can aid a research team in selecting a model. Given the large number of models available and the amount of work required to develop a new model, a dissemination and implementation researcher likely does not need to create a new model. There is a need to look outside the field of health research to identify other models that might inform dissemination and implementation research, as reviews have identified gaps in availability models for certain types of dissemination and implementation research (e.g., policy research).