TY - JOUR
T1 - The Complex Interactions Between Rotavirus and the Gut Microbiota
AU - Kim, Andrew Hyoung Jin
AU - Hogarty, Michael P.
AU - Harris, Vanessa C.
AU - Baldridge, Megan T.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© Copyright © 2021 Kim, Hogarty, Harris and Baldridge.
PY - 2021/1/8
Y1 - 2021/1/8
N2 - Human rotavirus (HRV) is the leading worldwide cause of acute diarrhea-related death in children under the age of five. RV infects the small intestine, an important site of colonization by the microbiota, and studies over the past decade have begun to reveal a complex set of interactions between RV and the gut microbiota. RV infection can temporarily alter the composition of the gut microbiota and probiotic administration alleviates some symptoms of infection in vivo, suggesting reciprocal effects between the virus and the gut microbiota. While development of effective RV vaccines has offered significant protection against RV-associated mortality, vaccine effectiveness in low-income countries has been limited, potentially due to regional differences in the gut microbiota. In this mini review, we briefly detail research findings to date related to HRV vaccine cohorts, studies of natural infection, explorations of RV-microbiota interactions in gnotobiotic pig models, and highlight various in vivo and in vitro models that could be used in future studies to better define how the microbiota may regulate RV infection and host antiviral immune responses.
AB - Human rotavirus (HRV) is the leading worldwide cause of acute diarrhea-related death in children under the age of five. RV infects the small intestine, an important site of colonization by the microbiota, and studies over the past decade have begun to reveal a complex set of interactions between RV and the gut microbiota. RV infection can temporarily alter the composition of the gut microbiota and probiotic administration alleviates some symptoms of infection in vivo, suggesting reciprocal effects between the virus and the gut microbiota. While development of effective RV vaccines has offered significant protection against RV-associated mortality, vaccine effectiveness in low-income countries has been limited, potentially due to regional differences in the gut microbiota. In this mini review, we briefly detail research findings to date related to HRV vaccine cohorts, studies of natural infection, explorations of RV-microbiota interactions in gnotobiotic pig models, and highlight various in vivo and in vitro models that could be used in future studies to better define how the microbiota may regulate RV infection and host antiviral immune responses.
KW - animal models
KW - immunity
KW - in vitro models
KW - microbiota
KW - rotavirus (human and animal)
KW - rotavirus vaccine
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85099726899&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3389/fcimb.2020.586751
DO - 10.3389/fcimb.2020.586751
M3 - Review article
C2 - 33489932
AN - SCOPUS:85099726899
SN - 2235-2988
VL - 10
JO - Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
JF - Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
M1 - 586751
ER -