Abstract
Pregnenolone sulfate and 15 related steroids were investigated for their effects on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced elevations in intracellular Ca++ ([Ca++](i)) in cultured rat hippocampal neurons by microspectrofluorimetry with the Ca++-sensitive indicator fura-2. Several pregn-5-ene steroids markedly potentiated NMDA-mediated [Ca++](i) responses. Pregnenolone sulfate and its 21-acetoxy derivative and pregnenolone hemisuccinate were the most active. At a concentration of 50 μM, each produced approximately 300% potentiation of 5 μM NMDA responses. In addition, several steroids were identified that inhibited NMDA-induced elevations in [Ca++](i), the most potent of which was 3α-hydroxy-5β- pregnan-20-one sulfate (IC50, 37 μM). Concentration-response curves for NMDA in the presence of active steroids revealed noncompetitive interaction(s) of these steroids with the NMDA receptor. Although the mechanism(s) responsible for either steroid-induced augmentation or inhibition of NMDA-receptor responses is unknown, these data suggest the presence of one or more steroid recognition sites with a high degree of structural specificity associated with NMDA receptors. These results further raise the possibility that pregn-5-ene 3-sulfates and pregnane 3-sulfates could be endogenous modulators of NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic events.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 677-682 |
Number of pages | 6 |
Journal | Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics |
Volume | 271 |
Issue number | 2 |
State | Published - 1994 |