TY - JOUR
T1 - Signaling over distances
AU - Saito, Atsushi
AU - Cavalli, Valeria
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank Dan Carlin and Dana Watt for critical reading of the manuscript. We apologize to those whose work could not be cited because of space limitation. This work was supported in part by grants from NIH (DE022000 and NS082446), and from the University of Missouri Spinal Cord Injuries Research Program (to VC). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
PY - 2016/2
Y1 - 2016/2
N2 - Neurons are extremely polarized cells. Axon lengths often exceed the dimension of the neuronal cell body by several orders of magnitude. These extreme axonal lengths imply that neurons have mastered efficient mechanisms for long distance signaling between soma and synaptic terminal. These elaborate mechanisms are required for neuronal development and maintenance of the nervous system. Neurons can fine-Tune long distance signaling through calcium wave propagation and bidirectional transport of proteins, vesicles, and mRNAs along microtubules. The signal transmission over extreme lengths also ensures that information about axon injury is communicated to the soma and allows for repair mechanisms to be engaged. This review focuses on the different mechanisms employed by neurons to signal over long axonal distances and how signals are interpreted in the soma, with an emphasis on proteomic studies. We also discuss how proteomic approaches could help further deciphering the signaling mechanisms operating over long distance in axons.
AB - Neurons are extremely polarized cells. Axon lengths often exceed the dimension of the neuronal cell body by several orders of magnitude. These extreme axonal lengths imply that neurons have mastered efficient mechanisms for long distance signaling between soma and synaptic terminal. These elaborate mechanisms are required for neuronal development and maintenance of the nervous system. Neurons can fine-Tune long distance signaling through calcium wave propagation and bidirectional transport of proteins, vesicles, and mRNAs along microtubules. The signal transmission over extreme lengths also ensures that information about axon injury is communicated to the soma and allows for repair mechanisms to be engaged. This review focuses on the different mechanisms employed by neurons to signal over long axonal distances and how signals are interpreted in the soma, with an emphasis on proteomic studies. We also discuss how proteomic approaches could help further deciphering the signaling mechanisms operating over long distance in axons.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84957921458&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1074/mcp.R115.052753
DO - 10.1074/mcp.R115.052753
M3 - Article
C2 - 26297514
AN - SCOPUS:84957921458
SN - 1535-9476
VL - 15
SP - 382
EP - 393
JO - Molecular and Cellular Proteomics
JF - Molecular and Cellular Proteomics
IS - 2
ER -