TY - CHAP
T1 - Signaling by rod and cone photoreceptors
T2 - Opsin properties, G-protein assembly, and mechanisms of activation
AU - Kolesnikov, Alexander V.
AU - Kisselev, Oleg G.
AU - Kefalov, Vladimir J.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014. All rights reserved.
PY - 2014/1/1
Y1 - 2014/1/1
N2 - Photoreceptor cells utilize a G-protein-mediated signaling cascade to convert the energy of a photon into an electric impulse in the first step of vision. The relative abundance of photoreceptors in the retina and the localization of the phototransduction cascade proteins in a specialized modified cilium structure, known as the outer segment (OS), have greatly facilitated the biochemical characterization of phototransduction proteins and the reactions involved in this canonical G protein cascade. In addition, the electrophysiologically measurable response produced by stimulating the cascade with light has resulted in quantitative understanding of the reactions involved in the activation and inactivation of rod and cone photoreceptor G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and their coupled G protein, transducin. Here, we review the structure of rod and cone visual pigments in the context of photoreceptor function as well as the assembly and function of the heterotrimeric transducin.
AB - Photoreceptor cells utilize a G-protein-mediated signaling cascade to convert the energy of a photon into an electric impulse in the first step of vision. The relative abundance of photoreceptors in the retina and the localization of the phototransduction cascade proteins in a specialized modified cilium structure, known as the outer segment (OS), have greatly facilitated the biochemical characterization of phototransduction proteins and the reactions involved in this canonical G protein cascade. In addition, the electrophysiologically measurable response produced by stimulating the cascade with light has resulted in quantitative understanding of the reactions involved in the activation and inactivation of rod and cone photoreceptor G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and their coupled G protein, transducin. Here, we review the structure of rod and cone visual pigments in the context of photoreceptor function as well as the assembly and function of the heterotrimeric transducin.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84995783851&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/978-1-4939-1218-6_3
DO - 10.1007/978-1-4939-1218-6_3
M3 - Chapter
AN - SCOPUS:84995783851
SN - 9781493912179
SP - 23
EP - 48
BT - G Protein Signaling Mechanisms in the Retina
PB - Springer New York
ER -