Sex differences in interacting genetic and functional connectivity biomarkers in Alzheimer’s disease

  • Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative Consortium
  • , Jordan N. Williamson
  • , Shirley A. James
  • , Sean P. Mullen
  • , Bradley P. Sutton
  • , Tracey Wszalek
  • , Beni Mulyana
  • , Peter Mukli
  • , Andriy Yabluchanskiy
  • , Balebail Ashok Raj
  • , Kristin Fargher
  • , Amanda Smith
  • , Lisa Raudin
  • , Gloria Chaing
  • , Norman Relkin
  • , Karen Elizabeth Smith
  • , Hyungsub Shim
  • , Laura L.Boles Ponto
  • , Susan K. Schultz
  • , Antero Sarrael
  • Raymundo Hernando, Nunzio Pomara, Dick Drost, Andrew Kertesz, John Rogers, Irina Rachinsky, Stephen Pasternak, Elizabether Finger, David Bachman, Kenneth Spicer, Jacobo Mintzer, Bruce L. Miller, Howard J. Rosen, Stephen Correia, Paul Malloy, Stephen Salloway, Geoffrey Tremont, Henry Querfurth, Brian R. Ott, Franklin Watkins, Pradeep Garg, Jeff D. Williamson, Kaycee M. Sink, Eben S. Schwartz, Tamar J. Kitzmiller, Robert B. Santulli, Karen Anderson, Karen Blank, Godfrey D. Pearlson, Alice D. Brown, Dzintra Celmins, Earl A. Zimmerman, Anahita Adeli, Maria Kataki, Douglas W. Scharre, Michelle Rainka, Horacio Capote, Vernice Bates, Stephanie Reeder, Adam Fleisher, Pierre Tariot, Dana Nguyen, Adrian Preda, Steven G. Potkin, Cynthia M. Carlsson, Sanjay Asthana, Sterling Johnson, Rob Bartha, T. Y. Lee, Michael Borrie, Smita Kittur, Charles DeCarli, John Olichney, Owen Carmichael, Evan Fletcher, Leon Hudson, Paula Ogrocki, Alan Lerner, Joanne Allard, Saba Wolday, Thomas O. Obisesan, Patricia Lynn Johnson, Alexander Norbash, Andrew E. Budson, Ronald Killiany, Neil Kowall, Sherye A. Sirrel, Sandra A. Jacobson, Christine M. Belden, Marwan N. Sabbagh, Jared Tinklenberg, Allyson Rosen, Barton Lane, Joy L. Taylor, Jerome Yesavage, Meghan Frey, Gad Marshall, Keith A. Johnson, Reisa A. Sperling, Brigid Reynolds, Kathleen Johnson, Raymond Scott Turner, Teresa Villena, Walter Martinez, Carl Sadowsky, Nancy Johnson, Chuang Kuo Wu, Kristine Lipowski, Marek Marsel Mesulam, Diana Kerwin, Donna Munic, Charles Bernick, Dick Trost, Michele Assaly Past, Benita Mudge, Howard Feldman, Ging Yuek Robin Hsiung, Curtis Caldwell, Bojana Stefanovic, Sandra Black, Chris Hosein, Howard Bergman, Howard Chertkow, Martha G. MacAvoy, Richard E. Carson, Christopher H. van Dyck, Cynthia Hunt, Scott Herring, Brandy R. Matthews, Ann Marie Hake, Martin R. Farlow, Heather Johnson, Tracy Kendall, Francine Parfitt, Neill R.Graff Radford, George Bartzokis, Po H. Lu, Daniel H.S. Silverman, Ellen Woo, Kathleen Tingus, Liana Apostolova, Russell H. Swerdlow, Heather S. Anderson, Jeffrey M. Burns, Janet S. Cellar, James J. Lah, Allan I. Levey, Michael DeVous, Kristen Martin Cook, Myron Weiner, Richard King, Ramon Diaz Arrastia, Mary Quiceno, Dana Mathews, Kyle Womack, Catherine Mc Adams Ortiz, Gaby Thai, Ruth A. Mulnard, Connie Brand, M. Saleem Ismail, Kelly M. Makino, Kim Martin, Bonnie S. Goldstein, Anton P. Porsteinsson, Donna M. Simpson, Mary Ann Oakley, Oscar L. Lopez, Gary Conrad, Elizabeth Oates, Partha Sinha, Peter Hardy, Greg Jicha, Charles D. Smith, David A. Wolk, Jason H. Karlawish, Steven E. Arnold, Terence Z. Wong, Jeffrey R. Petrella, P. Murali Doraiswamy, Susan De Santi, Lidia Glodzik, Mony J. de Leon, Henry Rusinek, Christina A. Michel, Brittany Cerbone, Dana M. Pogorele, James E. Galvin, Stephanie Kielb, Daniel D’Agostino, Chiadi Onyike, Marilyn Albert, Peggy Roberts, Maria T. Greig, Daniel Varon, Ranjan Duara, Raj C. Shah, Leyla deToledo-Morrell, Effie Mitsis, Beau Ances, John C. Morris

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

As of 2023, it is estimated that 6.7 million individuals in the United States live with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Prior research indicates that AD disproportionality affects females; females have a greater incidence rate, perform worse on a variety of neuropsychological tasks, and have greater total brain atrophy. Recent research shows that hippocampal functional connectivity differs by sex and may be related to the observed sex differences in AD, and apolipoprotein E (ApoE) ε4 carriers have reduced hippocampal functional connectivity. The purpose of this study was to determine if the ApoE genotype plays a role in the observed sex differences in hippocampal functional connectivity in Alzheimer’s disease. The resting state fMRI and T2 MRI of individuals with AD (n = 30, female = 15) and cognitively normal individuals (n = 30, female = 15) from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) were analyzed using the functional connectivity toolbox (CONN). Our results demonstrated intrahippocampal functional connectivity differed between those without an ε4 allele and those with at least one ε4 allele in each group. Additionally, intrahippocampal functional connectivity differed only by sex when Alzheimer’s participants had at least one ε4 allele. These results improve our current understanding of the role of the interacting relationship between sex, ApoE genotype, and hippocampal function in AD. Understanding these biomarkers may aid in the development of sex-specific interventions for improved AD treatment.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)6071-6084
Number of pages14
JournalGeroScience
Volume46
Issue number6
DOIs
StatePublished - Dec 2024

Keywords

  • Alzheimer’s disease (AD)
  • Apolipoprotein E
  • Functional connectivity
  • Sex difference

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