Review of diagnostic approaches for proliferative myositis, in the light of two cases

Purpose: Proliferative myositis (PM) is a rare pseudosarcoma affecting muscles and mimicking malignancy. Due to its rare presentation, the diagnosis of PM is difficult. Method: The realms of diagnosis are discussed through two cases, one of adult patient and the other of adolescent patient; both were diagnosed with PM in the gastrocnemius. Results: The former case was diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging and computer tomography scan, followed by histological analysis. The second case, which presented a rare occurrence with respect to age-group, was identified using ultrasound and diagnosis was confirmed by histological analysis of a biopsy. Conclusion: Holistic approach, depending on clinical presentation, imaging, and pathological examination is necessary to confirm the diagnosis of such pseudosarcoma.