Retention and outcomes of National Diabetes Prevention Program enrollees and non-enrollees with prediabetes: The University of Michigan experience

Aims: To evaluate retention and outcomes of insured adults with prediabetes who enrolled or did not enroll in National Diabetes Prevention Programs (NDPPs). Methods: Between 2015 and 2019, 776 University of Michigan employees, dependents, and retirees with prediabetes and overweight or obesity enrolled in one-year NDPPs. Results: Enrollees attended a median of 18 sessions. Median retention was 38 weeks. Retention was associated with older age, greater initial weight loss, and physical activity. At both 1- and 2-years, body mass index, triglycerides, and HbA1c were significantly improved among enrollees. After adjusting for age group, sex, and race, the odds of developing diabetes based on HbA1c ≥6.5 % was 40 % lower at 1-year and 20 % lower at 2-years, and the odds of self-reported diabetes was 57 % lower at 1-year and 46 % lower at 2-years in enrollees compared to non-enrollees. Enrollees who disenrolled before completing the core curriculum had higher odds and enrollees who completed the NDPP had lower odds of developing diabetes that non-enrollees. Conclusions: In this population with prediabetes, NDPP retention was generally good, risk factors were improved, and diabetes was delayed or prevented for up to two years.