TY - JOUR
T1 - Relation of moderate alcohol consumption and risk of systemic hypertension in women
AU - Witteman, Jacqueline C.M.
AU - Willett, Walter C.
AU - Stampfer, Meir J.
AU - Colditz, Graham A.
AU - Kok, Frans J.
AU - Sacks, Frank M.
AU - Speizer, Frank E.
AU - Rosner, Bernard
AU - Hennekens, Charles H.
N1 - Funding Information:
From the Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University School of Medicine, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, the Channing Laboratory, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Nutrition, and Preventive Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology, Harvard Medical School, and the Department of Epidemiology and Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. This study was supported in part by research grants CA 40935, HL 24074 and HL 34594 from the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Ms. Witteman was supported by a research grant from the Dutch Heart Foundation. Dr. Sacks is an Established Investigator of the American Heart Association. Manuscript received June 30, 1989; revised manuscript received and accepted October 24, 1989.
PY - 1990/3/1
Y1 - 1990/3/1
N2 - The relation between alcohol consumption and the risk of development of hypertension was studied among 58,218 US female registered nurses aged 39 to 59 years who were free of diagnosed systemic hypertension and other major diseases. In 1980, all of these women completed an independently validated dietary questionnaire, which included use of alcoholic beverages. During 4 years of follow-up, 3,275 women reported an initial diagnosis of hypertension; validity of the self-report measure was demonstrated in a subsample. When compared to nondrinkers, women drinking 20 to 34 g of akohol per day (about 2 or 3 drinks) had a significantly elevated relative risk of 1.4; the 95% confidence interval (CI) was 1.2 to 1.7 after adjustment for age and Quetelet's index. For women consuming ≥ 35 g/day, the relative risk was 1.9 (95% CI 1.6 to 2.2). Adjustment for smoking and dietary variables did not alter these results. Independent significant associations were observed for the consumption of beer, wine and liquor. These prospective data suggest that alcohol intake of up to about 20 g/day does not increase the risk of hypertension among women, but beyond this level, the risk increases progressively.
AB - The relation between alcohol consumption and the risk of development of hypertension was studied among 58,218 US female registered nurses aged 39 to 59 years who were free of diagnosed systemic hypertension and other major diseases. In 1980, all of these women completed an independently validated dietary questionnaire, which included use of alcoholic beverages. During 4 years of follow-up, 3,275 women reported an initial diagnosis of hypertension; validity of the self-report measure was demonstrated in a subsample. When compared to nondrinkers, women drinking 20 to 34 g of akohol per day (about 2 or 3 drinks) had a significantly elevated relative risk of 1.4; the 95% confidence interval (CI) was 1.2 to 1.7 after adjustment for age and Quetelet's index. For women consuming ≥ 35 g/day, the relative risk was 1.9 (95% CI 1.6 to 2.2). Adjustment for smoking and dietary variables did not alter these results. Independent significant associations were observed for the consumption of beer, wine and liquor. These prospective data suggest that alcohol intake of up to about 20 g/day does not increase the risk of hypertension among women, but beyond this level, the risk increases progressively.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0025349677&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/0002-9149(90)91043-6
DO - 10.1016/0002-9149(90)91043-6
M3 - Article
C2 - 2309634
AN - SCOPUS:0025349677
SN - 0002-9149
VL - 65
SP - 633
EP - 637
JO - The American journal of cardiology
JF - The American journal of cardiology
IS - 9
ER -