Reconstruction of bile duct injuries

Bile duct injuries have become more common since the introduction of laparoscopic surgery and are a major source of morbidity and litigation. Bile duct injuries may take many forms. Simpler injuries such as types A and D may be treated in the community setting when discovered intraoperatively or by endoscopic or percutaneous techniques when they present in the postoperative period. Some more complex injuries such as E1 and E2 types may also be treated by nonsurgical techniques when they present as strictures. This chapter deals with the more complex injuries that require hepaticojejunostomy for repair (types B and C injuries and most to type E injuries).