TY - JOUR
T1 - Reading the unique DNA methylation landscape of the brain
T2 - Non-CpG methylation, hydroxymethylation, and MeCP2
AU - Kinde, Benyam
AU - Gabel, Harrison W.
AU - Gilbert, Caitlin S.
AU - Griffith, Eric C.
AU - Greenberg, Michael E.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2015, National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
PY - 2015/6/2
Y1 - 2015/6/2
N2 - DNA methylation at CpG dinucleotides is an important epigenetic regulator common to virtually all mammalian cell types, but recent evidence indicates that during early postnatal development neuronal genomes also accumulate uniquely high levels of two alternative forms of methylation, non-CpG methylation and hydroxymethylation. Here we discuss the distinct landscape of DNA methylation in neurons, how it is established, and how it might affect the binding and function of protein readers of DNA methylation. We review studies of one critical reader of DNA methylation in the brain, the Rett syndrome protein methyl CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2), and discuss how differential binding affinity of MeCP2 for non-CpG and hydroxymethylation may affect the function of this methyl-binding protein in the nervous system.
AB - DNA methylation at CpG dinucleotides is an important epigenetic regulator common to virtually all mammalian cell types, but recent evidence indicates that during early postnatal development neuronal genomes also accumulate uniquely high levels of two alternative forms of methylation, non-CpG methylation and hydroxymethylation. Here we discuss the distinct landscape of DNA methylation in neurons, how it is established, and how it might affect the binding and function of protein readers of DNA methylation. We review studies of one critical reader of DNA methylation in the brain, the Rett syndrome protein methyl CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2), and discuss how differential binding affinity of MeCP2 for non-CpG and hydroxymethylation may affect the function of this methyl-binding protein in the nervous system.
KW - Hydroxymethylation
KW - MeCP2
KW - Non-CpG methylation
KW - Rett syndrome
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84930679261&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1073/pnas.1411269112
DO - 10.1073/pnas.1411269112
M3 - Article
C2 - 25739960
AN - SCOPUS:84930679261
SN - 0027-8424
VL - 112
SP - 6800
EP - 6806
JO - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
IS - 22
ER -