Radiology of immunodeficiency syndromes

The major primary immune deficiency disorders are divided into groups by general class of deficit: B-cell deficiencies, T-cell or cell-mediated deficiencies, neutrophil disorders, combined T- and B-cell disorders, and disorders of the complement system. Each primary immune disorder is discussed within this framework, and is described in terms of its class and of characteristic genetic or clinical features. Radiographic findings that are of diagnostic significance or are characteristic of the disorder are presented, including those that are complications of the disease (such as the development of malignancy) and of the treatment (particularly of bone marrow transplantation). Many diseases for which there are no specific radiographic findings enter frequently into the differential diagnosis of the child with recurrent infections and presumed immune deficiency disorder. Therefore, an understanding of the immune deficit, inheritance pattern, clinical presentation, and radiographic features together is emphasized, for both the diagnosis and follow-up of these patients.