TY - JOUR
T1 - Quantitative SARS-CoV-2 Serology in Children With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C)
AU - Rostad, Christina A.
AU - Chahroudi, Ann
AU - Mantus, Grace
AU - Lapp, Stacey A.
AU - Teherani, Mehgan
AU - Macoy, Lisa
AU - Tarquinio, Keiko M.
AU - Basu, Rajit K.
AU - Kao, Carol
AU - Linam, W. Matthew
AU - Zimmerman, Matthew G.
AU - Shi, Pei Yong
AU - Menachery, Vineet D.
AU - Oster, Matthew E.
AU - Edupuganti, Srilatha
AU - Anderson, Evan J.
AU - Suthar, Mehul S.
AU - Wrammert, Jens
AU - Jaggi, Preeti
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2020 by the American Academy of Pediatrics.
PY - 2020/12/1
Y1 - 2020/12/1
N2 - OBJECTIVES: We aimed to measure severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) serological responses in children hospitalized with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) compared with those with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), those with Kawasaki disease (KD), and hospitalized pediatric controls. METHODS: From March 17, 2020, to May 26, 2020, we prospectively identified hospitalized children with MIS-C (n = 10), symptomatic COVID-19 (n = 10), and KD (n = 5) and hospitalized controls (n = 4) at Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta. With institutional review board approval, we obtained prospective and residual blood samples from these children and measured SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G (IgG), full-length spike IgG, and nucleocapsid protein antibodies using quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies using live-virus focus-reduction neutralization assays. We statistically compared the log-transformed antibody titers among groups and performed linear regression analyses. RESULTS: All children with MIS-C had high titers of SARS-CoV-2 RBD IgG antibodies, which correlated with full-length spike IgG antibodies (R2 = 0.956; P, .001), nucleocapsid protein antibodies (R2 = 0.846; P, .001), and neutralizing antibodies (R2 = 0.667; P, .001). Children with MIS-C had significantly higher SARS-CoV-2 RBD IgG antibody titers (geometric mean titer 6800; 95% confidence interval 3495–13 231) than children with COVID-19 (geometric mean titer 626; 95% confidence interval 251–1563; P, .001), children with KD (geometric mean titer 124; 95% confidence interval 91–170; P, .001), and hospitalized controls (geometric mean titer 85; P, .001). All children with MIS-C also had detectable RBD immunoglobulin M antibodies, indicating recent SARS-CoV-2 infection. RBD IgG titers correlated with the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (R2 = 0.512; P, .046) and with hospital (R2 = 0.548; P = .014) and ICU lengths of stay (R2 = 0.590; P = .010). CONCLUSIONS: Quantitative SARS-CoV-2 serology may have a role in establishing the diagnosis of MIS-C, distinguishing it from similar clinical entities, and stratifying risk for adverse outcomes.
AB - OBJECTIVES: We aimed to measure severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) serological responses in children hospitalized with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) compared with those with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), those with Kawasaki disease (KD), and hospitalized pediatric controls. METHODS: From March 17, 2020, to May 26, 2020, we prospectively identified hospitalized children with MIS-C (n = 10), symptomatic COVID-19 (n = 10), and KD (n = 5) and hospitalized controls (n = 4) at Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta. With institutional review board approval, we obtained prospective and residual blood samples from these children and measured SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G (IgG), full-length spike IgG, and nucleocapsid protein antibodies using quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies using live-virus focus-reduction neutralization assays. We statistically compared the log-transformed antibody titers among groups and performed linear regression analyses. RESULTS: All children with MIS-C had high titers of SARS-CoV-2 RBD IgG antibodies, which correlated with full-length spike IgG antibodies (R2 = 0.956; P, .001), nucleocapsid protein antibodies (R2 = 0.846; P, .001), and neutralizing antibodies (R2 = 0.667; P, .001). Children with MIS-C had significantly higher SARS-CoV-2 RBD IgG antibody titers (geometric mean titer 6800; 95% confidence interval 3495–13 231) than children with COVID-19 (geometric mean titer 626; 95% confidence interval 251–1563; P, .001), children with KD (geometric mean titer 124; 95% confidence interval 91–170; P, .001), and hospitalized controls (geometric mean titer 85; P, .001). All children with MIS-C also had detectable RBD immunoglobulin M antibodies, indicating recent SARS-CoV-2 infection. RBD IgG titers correlated with the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (R2 = 0.512; P, .046) and with hospital (R2 = 0.548; P = .014) and ICU lengths of stay (R2 = 0.590; P = .010). CONCLUSIONS: Quantitative SARS-CoV-2 serology may have a role in establishing the diagnosis of MIS-C, distinguishing it from similar clinical entities, and stratifying risk for adverse outcomes.
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85096970764
U2 - 10.1542/peds.2020-018242
DO - 10.1542/peds.2020-018242
M3 - Article
C2 - 32879033
AN - SCOPUS:85096970764
SN - 0031-4005
VL - 146
JO - Pediatrics
JF - Pediatrics
IS - 6
M1 - e2020018242
ER -