@article{0f64df5dd73a49ebad02ad35d3d3dd52,
title = "Proteomic analysis of synovial fluid identifies periostin as a biomarker for anterior cruciate ligament injury",
abstract = "Objective: Emerging evidence suggests that injury to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) typically initiates biological changes that contribute to the development of osteoarthritis (OA). The molecular biomarkers or mediators of these biological events remain unknown. The goal of this exploratory study was to identify novel synovial fluid biomarkers associated with early biological changes following ACL injury distinct from findings in end-stage OA. Methods: Synovial fluid was aspirated from patients with acute (≤30 days) and subacute (31–90 days) ACL tears and from patients with advanced OA and probed via tandem mass spectrometry for biomarkers to distinguish OA from ACL injury. Periostin (POSTN) was identified as a potential candidate. Further analyses of POSTN were performed in synovial fluid, OA cartilage, torn ACL remnants, and cultured cells and media by Western blot, PCR, immunostaining and ELISA. Results: Synovial fluid analysis revealed that POSTN exhibited higher expression in subacute ACL injury than OA. POSTN expression was relatively low in cartilage/chondrocytes suggesting it is also produced by other intra-articular tissues. Conversely, high and time-dependent expression of POSTN in ACL tear remnants and isolated cells was consistent with the synovial fluid results. Conclusions: Elevated POSTN may provide a synovial fluid biomarker of subacute ACL injury setting separate from OA. Increased expression of POSTN in ACL suggests that the injured ACL may play a pivotal role in POSTN production, which is sensitive to time from injury. Previous studies have shown potential catabolic effects of POSTN, raising the possibility that POSTN contributes to the initiation of joint degeneration and may offer a window of opportunity to intervene in the early stages of post-traumatic OA.",
keywords = "ACL cells, Articular cartilage, Chondrocytes, Osteoarthritis, Time from injury",
author = "Brophy, {R. H.} and L. Cai and X. Duan and Q. Zhang and Townsend, {R. R.} and Nunley, {R. M.} and F. Guilak and Rai, {M. F.}",
note = "Funding Information: This study was supported by Orthopedics Research and Education (OREF) Career Development Award No. 18-002 (Drs. Brophy and Rai) and through National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant (AG46927, AG15768, Dr. Guilak) from National Institute on Aging (NIA). Dr. Rai was supported through the NIH Pathway to Independence Award (R00-AR064837) from the National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS). We also acknowledge the services by P30-AR074992 (Musculoskeletal Research Center) and P30-AR073752 (Rheumatic Disease Research Resource-based Center). The content of this publication is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIAMS, NIA or the NIH and OREF.The expert technical assistance of Petra Erdmann-Gilmore, Yiling Mi, Jim Malone and Rose Connors is gratefully acknowledged. The mass spectrometric experiments were performed at the Washington University Proteomics Shared Resource (WU-PSR), The WU-PSR is supported in part by the WU Institute of Clinical and Translational Sciences (NCATS UL1 TR000448), the Mass Spectrometry Research Resource (NIGMS P41 GM103422) and the Siteman Cancer Center Support Grant (NCI P30 CA091842). Funding Information: The expert technical assistance of Petra Erdmann-Gilmore, Yiling Mi, Jim Malone and Rose Connors is gratefully acknowledged. The mass spectrometric experiments were performed at the Washington University Proteomics Shared Resource (WU-PSR), The WU-PSR is supported in part by the WU Institute of Clinical and Translational Sciences ( NCATS UL1 TR000448 ), the Mass Spectrometry Research Resource ( NIGMS P41 GM103422 ) and the Siteman Cancer Center Support Grant ( NCI P30 CA091842 ). Funding Information: This study was supported by Orthopedics Research and Education (OREF) Career Development Award No. 18-002 (Drs. Brophy and Rai) and through National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant ( AG46927 , AG15768 , Dr. Guilak) from National Institute on Aging (NIA) . Dr. Rai was supported through the NIH Pathway to Independence Award (R00- AR064837 ) from the National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) . We also acknowledge the services by P30-AR074992 ( Musculoskeletal Research Center ) and P30-AR073752 ( Rheumatic Disease Research Resource-based Center ). The content of this publication is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIAMS, NIA or the NIH and OREF. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 Osteoarthritis Research Society International",
year = "2019",
month = dec,
doi = "10.1016/j.joca.2019.08.002",
language = "English",
volume = "27",
pages = "1778--1789",
journal = "Osteoarthritis and Cartilage",
issn = "1063-4584",
number = "12",
}