TY - JOUR
T1 - Protein-based molecular recognition tools for detecting and profiling RNA modifications
AU - Knutson, Steve D.
AU - Heemstra, Jennifer M.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2021/8
Y1 - 2021/8
N2 - RNA undergoes extensive biochemical modification following transcription. In addition to RNA splicing, transcripts are processed by a suite of enzymes that alter the chemical structure of different nucleobases. Broadly termed as ‘RNA editing,’ these modifications impart significant functional changes to translation, localization, and stability of individual transcripts within the cell. These changes are dynamic and required for a number of critical cellular processes, and dysregulation of these pathways is responsible for several disease states. Accurately detecting, measuring, and mapping different RNA modifications across the transcriptome is vital to understanding their broader functions as well as leveraging these events as diagnostic biomarkers. Here, we review recent advances in profiling several types of RNA modifications, with particular emphasis on adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) and N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA editing. We especially highlight approaches that utilize proteins to detect or enrich modified RNA transcripts before sequencing, and we summarize recent insights yielded from these techniques.
AB - RNA undergoes extensive biochemical modification following transcription. In addition to RNA splicing, transcripts are processed by a suite of enzymes that alter the chemical structure of different nucleobases. Broadly termed as ‘RNA editing,’ these modifications impart significant functional changes to translation, localization, and stability of individual transcripts within the cell. These changes are dynamic and required for a number of critical cellular processes, and dysregulation of these pathways is responsible for several disease states. Accurately detecting, measuring, and mapping different RNA modifications across the transcriptome is vital to understanding their broader functions as well as leveraging these events as diagnostic biomarkers. Here, we review recent advances in profiling several types of RNA modifications, with particular emphasis on adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) and N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA editing. We especially highlight approaches that utilize proteins to detect or enrich modified RNA transcripts before sequencing, and we summarize recent insights yielded from these techniques.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85099126318&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.sbi.2020.12.006
DO - 10.1016/j.sbi.2020.12.006
M3 - Review article
C2 - 33445115
AN - SCOPUS:85099126318
SN - 0959-440X
VL - 69
SP - 1
EP - 10
JO - Current Opinion in Structural Biology
JF - Current Opinion in Structural Biology
ER -