TY - JOUR
T1 - Prospective evaluation of risk factors for male breast cancer
AU - Brinton, Louise A.
AU - Richesson, Douglas A.
AU - Gierach, Gretchen L.
AU - Lacey, James V.
AU - Park, Yikyung
AU - Hollenbeck, Albert R.
AU - Schatzkin, Arthur
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute. The authors had responsibility for the design of the study, collection of data, analysis and interpretation of data, decision to submit the manuscript for publication, and writing of the manuscript.
PY - 2008/10
Y1 - 2008/10
N2 - Most risk factors for male breast cancer have been derived from retrospective studies that may reflect selective recall. In the prospective National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study, we studied 324 920 men, among whom 121 developed breast cancer. Men who reported a first-degree relative with breast cancer had an increased risk of breast cancer (relative risk [RR] = 1.92, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.19 to 3.09). Among the medical conditions examined, a new finding emerged regarding increased male breast cancer risk associated with a history of a bone fracture (RR = 2.20, 95% CI = 1.24 to 3.91). Obesity was positively related to risk (RR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.10 to 2.91, for body mass indices of ≥30 vs <25 kg/m2) and physical activity inversely related, even after adjustment for body mass index. Smokers were at somewhat elevated risk, although trends with smoking characteristics were inconsistent. Alcohol consumption was not related to risk. The identified risk factors show some commonalities with female breast cancer and indicate the importance of hormonal mechanisms. Differences in risk factors may reflect unique mechanisms associated with androgens and their ratio to bioavailable estrogens.
AB - Most risk factors for male breast cancer have been derived from retrospective studies that may reflect selective recall. In the prospective National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study, we studied 324 920 men, among whom 121 developed breast cancer. Men who reported a first-degree relative with breast cancer had an increased risk of breast cancer (relative risk [RR] = 1.92, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.19 to 3.09). Among the medical conditions examined, a new finding emerged regarding increased male breast cancer risk associated with a history of a bone fracture (RR = 2.20, 95% CI = 1.24 to 3.91). Obesity was positively related to risk (RR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.10 to 2.91, for body mass indices of ≥30 vs <25 kg/m2) and physical activity inversely related, even after adjustment for body mass index. Smokers were at somewhat elevated risk, although trends with smoking characteristics were inconsistent. Alcohol consumption was not related to risk. The identified risk factors show some commonalities with female breast cancer and indicate the importance of hormonal mechanisms. Differences in risk factors may reflect unique mechanisms associated with androgens and their ratio to bioavailable estrogens.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=54049135164&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/jnci/djn329
DO - 10.1093/jnci/djn329
M3 - Article
C2 - 18840816
AN - SCOPUS:54049135164
SN - 0027-8874
VL - 100
SP - 1477
EP - 1481
JO - Journal of the National Cancer Institute
JF - Journal of the National Cancer Institute
IS - 20
ER -