@article{3e96ffdc2168455e91b190ba65cf37e0,
title = "Progressive brain atrophy in chronically infected and treated HIV+ individuals",
abstract = "Growing evidence points to persistent neurological injury in chronic HIV infection. It remains unclear whether chronically HIV-infected individuals on combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) develop progressive brain injury and impaired neurocognitive function despite successful viral suppression and immunological restoration. In a longitudinal neuroimaging study for the HIV Neuroimaging Consortium (HIVNC), we used tensor-based morphometry to map the annual rate of change of regional brain volumes (mean time interval 1.0 ± 0.5 yrs), in 155 chronically infected and treated HIV+ participants (mean age 48.0 ± 8.9 years; 83.9% male). We tested for associations between rates of brain tissue loss and clinical measures of infection severity (nadir or baseline CD4+ cell count and baseline HIV plasma RNA concentration), HIV duration, cART CNS penetration-effectiveness scores, age, as well as change in AIDS Dementia Complex stage. We found significant brain tissue loss across HIV+ participants, including those neuro-asymptomatic with undetectable viral loads, largely localized to subcortical regions. Measures of disease severity, age, and neurocognitive decline were associated with greater atrophy. Chronically HIV-infected and treated individuals may undergo progressive brain tissue loss despite stable and effective cART, which may contribute to neurocognitive decline. Understanding neurological complications of chronic infection and identifying factors associated with atrophy may help inform strategies to maintain brain health in people living with HIV.",
keywords = "ADC, Brain volume, HIV, MRI, TBM, cART",
author = "{On behalf of the HIV Neuroimaging Consortium} and Nir, {Talia M.} and Neda Jahanshad and Ching, {Christopher R.K.} and Cohen, {Ronald A.} and Jaroslaw Harezlak and Giovanni Schifitto and Lam, {Hei Y.} and Xue Hua and Jianhui Zhong and Tong Zhu and Taylor, {Michael J.} and Campbell, {Thomas B.} and Daar, {Eric S.} and Singer, {Elyse J.} and Alger, {Jeffry R.} and Thompson, {Paul M.} and Navia, {Bradford A.}",
note = "Funding Information: The study was funded by NIH NINDS R01 NS080655 and U54 EB020403. Data used in the preparation of this article were obtained from the Parkinson{\textquoteright}s Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) database ( www.ppmi-info.org/data ). For up-to-date information on the study, visit www.ppmi-info.org . PPMI—a public-private partnership—is funded by the Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson{\textquoteright}s Research and funding partners, including AbbVie, Allergan, Avid Radiopharmaceuticals, Biogen, BioLegend, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Denali, GE Healthcare, Genentech, GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Eli Lilly and Company, Lundbeck, Merck, Meso Scale Discovery (MSD), Pfizer, Piramal Imaging, Roche, Sanofi Genzyme, Servier, Takeda, Teva, and UCB ( www.ppmi-info.org/fundingpartners ). Funding Information: The study was funded by NIH NINDS R01 NS080655 and U54 EB020403. Data used in the preparation of this article were obtained from the Parkinson{\textquoteright}s Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) database (www.ppmi-info.org/data). For up-to-date information on the study, visit www.ppmi-info.org. PPMI—a public-private partnership—is funded by the Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson{\textquoteright}s Research and funding partners, including AbbVie, Allergan, Avid Radiopharmaceuticals, Biogen, BioLegend, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Denali, GE Healthcare, Genentech, GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Eli Lilly and Company, Lundbeck, Merck, Meso Scale Discovery (MSD), Pfizer, Piramal Imaging, Roche, Sanofi Genzyme, Servier, Takeda, Teva, and UCB (www.ppmi-info.org/fundingpartners). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019, Journal of NeuroVirology, Inc.",
year = "2019",
month = jun,
day = "15",
doi = "10.1007/s13365-019-00723-4",
language = "English",
volume = "25",
pages = "342--353",
journal = "Journal of NeuroVirology",
issn = "1355-0284",
number = "3",
}