TY - JOUR
T1 - Prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection among human immunodeficiency virus-1-infected pregnant women in Malawi
T2 - The BAN study
AU - Chasela, Charles S.
AU - Wall, Patrick
AU - Drobeniuc, Jan
AU - King, Caroline C.
AU - Teshale, Eyasu
AU - Hosseinipour, Mina C.
AU - Ellington, Sascha R.
AU - Codd, Mary
AU - Jamieson, Denise J.
AU - Knight, Rodney J.
AU - Fitzpatrick, Patricia
AU - Kourtis, Athena P.
AU - Hoffman, Irving F.
AU - Kayira, Dumbani
AU - Mumba, Noel
AU - Kamwendo, Deborah D.
AU - Martinson, Francis
AU - Powderly, William
AU - van der Horst, Charles
AU - Kamili, Saleem
N1 - Funding Information:
The study was supported by grants from the Prevention Research Centers Special Interest Project of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ( SIP 13-01 U48-CCU409660-09, SIP 26-04 U48-DP000059-01, and SIP 22-09 U48-DP001944-01 ), the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases ( NIAID P30-AI50410 ), the University of North Carolina Center for AIDS Research ( P30-AI50410 ), the NIH Fogarty AIDS International Training and Research Program ( DHHS/NIH/FIC 2-D43 Tw01039-06 ) and Fogarty International Clinical Research Fellows Program ( R24 TW007988 ), and Ad Astra Fellowship from University College Dublin, Ireland. The Call to Action PMTCT program was supported by the Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation Call to Action and International Leadership Awards, UNICEF, World Food Programme, Malawi Ministry of Health, Johnson and Johnson, and USAID. The non-government funders had no role in the design, implementation, analysis and interpretation of the data.
PY - 2012/8
Y1 - 2012/8
N2 - Background: In Sub-Saharan Africa, prevalence estimates of hepatitis C virus (HCV) vary widely. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of HCV infection among HIV-infected, pregnant women screened for a large clinical trial in Lilongwe, Malawi. Study design: Plasma from 2041 HIV-infected, pregnant women was screened for anti-HCV IgG using a chemiluminiscent immunometric assay (CIA). Specimens with a signal-cut-off ratio ≥ 1.00 were considered reactive and those with S/Co ratio < 1.00 non-reactive. All CIA-reactive specimens were tested by a recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA) for anti-HCV and by PCR for HCV RNA. Results: Of 2041 specimens, 110 (5.3%, 95% CI: 4.5-6.5%) were CIA reactive. Of the 109 CIA reactive specimens available for RIBA testing, 2 (1.8%) were positive, 28 (25.7%) were indeterminate, and 79 (72.5%) were negative. All CIA-reactive specimens were HCV RNA negative (n= 110). The estimated HCV prevalence based on the screening assay alone was 5.3%; based on supplemental RIBA testing, the status of HCV infection remained indeterminate in 1.4% (28/2040, 95% CI: 0.1-2.0) and the prevalence of confirmed HCV infections was 0.1% (2/2040, 95% CI: 0-0.4%). Conclusions: HCV seroprevalence among HIV-infected, pregnant women in Malawi confirmed by supplemental RIBA HCV 3.0 is low (0.1%); CIA showed a high false-reactivity rate in this population.
AB - Background: In Sub-Saharan Africa, prevalence estimates of hepatitis C virus (HCV) vary widely. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of HCV infection among HIV-infected, pregnant women screened for a large clinical trial in Lilongwe, Malawi. Study design: Plasma from 2041 HIV-infected, pregnant women was screened for anti-HCV IgG using a chemiluminiscent immunometric assay (CIA). Specimens with a signal-cut-off ratio ≥ 1.00 were considered reactive and those with S/Co ratio < 1.00 non-reactive. All CIA-reactive specimens were tested by a recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA) for anti-HCV and by PCR for HCV RNA. Results: Of 2041 specimens, 110 (5.3%, 95% CI: 4.5-6.5%) were CIA reactive. Of the 109 CIA reactive specimens available for RIBA testing, 2 (1.8%) were positive, 28 (25.7%) were indeterminate, and 79 (72.5%) were negative. All CIA-reactive specimens were HCV RNA negative (n= 110). The estimated HCV prevalence based on the screening assay alone was 5.3%; based on supplemental RIBA testing, the status of HCV infection remained indeterminate in 1.4% (28/2040, 95% CI: 0.1-2.0) and the prevalence of confirmed HCV infections was 0.1% (2/2040, 95% CI: 0-0.4%). Conclusions: HCV seroprevalence among HIV-infected, pregnant women in Malawi confirmed by supplemental RIBA HCV 3.0 is low (0.1%); CIA showed a high false-reactivity rate in this population.
KW - HCV
KW - HIV
KW - Malawi
KW - Pregnant women
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/84863876607
U2 - 10.1016/j.jcv.2012.05.003
DO - 10.1016/j.jcv.2012.05.003
M3 - Article
C2 - 22658797
AN - SCOPUS:84863876607
SN - 1386-6532
VL - 54
SP - 318
EP - 320
JO - Journal of Clinical Virology
JF - Journal of Clinical Virology
IS - 4
ER -