TY - JOUR
T1 - Preoperative left shoulder elevation > 1 cm is predictive of severe postoperative shoulder imbalance in early onset idiopathic scoliosis patients treated with growth-friendly instrumentation
AU - on behalf of the Pediatric Spine Study Group
AU - Li, Ying
AU - Yang, Daniel
AU - Bergman, Rachel
AU - Jha, Sahil
AU - Casden, Michael
AU - Smith, John T.
AU - Vitale, Michael
AU - Heffernan, Michael
AU - Abdullah, Abdullah Saad Abdulfattah
AU - Ahn, Edward
AU - Akbarnia, Behrooz
AU - Akoto, Harry
AU - Albanese, Stephen
AU - Anari, Jason
AU - Anderson, John
AU - Anderson, Richard
AU - Andras, Lindsay
AU - Bauer, Jennifer
AU - Bellaire, Laura
AU - Betz, Randy
AU - Birch, Craig
AU - Blakemore, Laurel
AU - Boachie-Adjei, Oheneba
AU - Bonfield, Chris
AU - Bouton, Daniel
AU - Brassard, Felix
AU - Brockmeyer, Douglas
AU - Brooks, Jaysson
AU - Bumpass, David
AU - Cahill, Pat
AU - Chemaly, Olivier
AU - Cheung, Jason
AU - Cheung, Kenneth
AU - Cho, Robert
AU - Christman, Tyler
AU - Colom Beauchamp, Eduardo
AU - Couture, Daniel
AU - Crawford, Haemish
AU - Crawford, Alvin
AU - Dahl, Benny
AU - Demirkiran, Gokhan
AU - Devito, Dennis
AU - Diab, Mohammad
AU - Sebaie, Hazem El
AU - El-Hawary, Ron
AU - Emans, John
AU - Erickson, Mark
AU - Fabregas, Jorge
AU - Farley, Frances
AU - Farrington, David
AU - Fedorak, Graham
AU - Fitzgerald, Ryan
AU - Floccari, Lorena
AU - Flynn, Jack
AU - Gabos, Peter
AU - Gardner, Adrian
AU - Garg, Sumeet
AU - Gerow, Frank
AU - Glotzbecker, Michael
AU - Gomez, Jaime
AU - Gonda, David
AU - Guillaume, Tenner
AU - Gupta, Purnendu
AU - Halvorson, Kyle
AU - Hammerberg, Kim
AU - Hardesty, Christina
AU - Hedequist, Daniel
AU - Heffernan, Michael
AU - Heflin, John
AU - Helenius, Ilkka
AU - Herrera, Jose
AU - Hogue, Grant
AU - Holt, Josh
AU - Howard, Jason
AU - Hresko, Michael Timothy
AU - Hwang, Steven
AU - Ihnow, Stephanie
AU - Ilharreborde, Brice
AU - Illingworth, Kenneth
AU - Jain, Viral
AU - Jea, Andrew
AU - Johnson, Megan
AU - Johnston, Charles
AU - Jones, Morgan
AU - Karlen, Judson
AU - Karlin, Lawrence
AU - Katz, Danielle
AU - Kawakami, Noriaki
AU - Kelly, Brian
AU - Kelly, Derek
AU - Knapp, Raymond
AU - Koljonen, Paul
AU - Kwan, Kenny
AU - Labelle, Hubert
AU - Lark, Robert
AU - Larson, A. Noelle
AU - Lavelle, William
AU - Lenke, Lawrence
AU - Lew, Sean
AU - Li, Ying
AU - Louer, Craig
AU - Luhmann, Scott
AU - Mac-Thiong, Jean Marc
AU - Mackenzie, Stuart
AU - MacKintosh, Erin
AU - Mangano, Francesco
AU - Marks, David
AU - Marquez, Sanchez
AU - Martin, Jonathan
AU - Martus, Jeffrey
AU - Matamalas, Antonia
AU - Mayer, Oscar
AU - McCarthy, Richard
AU - McIntosh, Amy
AU - McQuerry, Jessica
AU - Mehta, Jwalant
AU - Metz, Lionel
AU - Miller, Daniel
AU - Miyanji, Firoz
AU - Mundis, Greg
AU - Murphy, Josh
AU - Murphy, Robert
AU - Myung, Karen
AU - Nelson, Susan
AU - Newton, Peter
AU - Newton Ede, Matthew
AU - Nguyen, Cynthia
AU - Nunez, Susana
AU - Oetgen, Matthew
AU - Oswald, Timothy
AU - Ouellet, Jean
AU - Pahys, Josh
AU - Palomino, Kathryn
AU - Parent, Stefan
AU - Peiro Garcia, Alejandro
AU - Pellise, Ferran
AU - Perra, Joseph
AU - Phillips, Jonathan
AU - Pizones, Javier
AU - Poon, Selina
AU - Price, Nigel
AU - Ramirez-Lluch, Norman
AU - Ramo, Brandon
AU - Redding, Gregory
AU - Ritzman, Todd
AU - Rodriguez, Luis
AU - Rodriguez-Olaverri, Juan Carlos
AU - Roye, David
AU - Roye, Benjamin
AU - Saiman, Lisa
AU - Samdani, Amer
AU - Sanchez Perez-Grueso, Francisco
AU - Sanders, James
AU - Sawyer, Jeffrey
AU - Sayama, Christina
AU - Schmitz, Michael
AU - Schulz, Jacob
AU - Schwend, Richard
AU - Shah, Suken
AU - Shapiro, Jay
AU - Shufflebarger, Harry
AU - Skaggs, David
AU - Smit, Kevin
AU - Smith, John
AU - Snyder, Brian
AU - Sponseller, Paul
AU - Stephen, George
AU - Stone, Joe
AU - Sturm, Peter
AU - Sukkarieh, Hamdi
AU - Swarup, Ishaan
AU - Szczodry, Michal
AU - Thometz, John
AU - Thompson, George
AU - Tomoko, Tanaka
AU - Truong, Walter
AU - Vialle, Raphael
AU - Vitale, Michael
AU - Vorhies, John
AU - Wall, Eric
AU - Wang, Shengru
AU - Warner, Bill
AU - Weinstein, Stuart
AU - Welborn, Michelle
AU - White, Klane
AU - Wrubel, David
AU - Wu, Nan
AU - Yankey, Kwadwo
AU - Yaszay, Burt
AU - Yazici, Muharrem
AU - Zhang, Terry Jianguo
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Scoliosis Research Society.
PY - 2023/9
Y1 - 2023/9
N2 - Purpose: Prior research has demonstrated the influence of preoperative shoulder elevation (SE), proximal thoracic curve magnitude, and upper instrumented vertebra (UIV) on shoulder balance after PSF for AIS. Our purpose was to evaluate the impact of these factors on shoulder balance in early onset idiopathic scoliosis (EOIS) patients treated with growth-friendly instrumentation. Methods: This was a multicenter retrospective review. Children with EOIS treated with dual TGR, MCGR, or VEPTR and minimum 2-year follow-up were identified. Demographics and radiographic/surgical data were collected. Results: 145 patients met inclusion criteria: 74 had right SE (RSE), 49 left SE (LSE), and 22 even shoulders (EVEN) preoperatively. Mean follow-up was 5.3 years (range, 2.0–13.1 years). The LSE group had a larger pre-index mean main thoracic curve (p = 0.021) but no difference was observed between groups at the post-index or most recent timepoints. RSE patients with UIV of T2 were more likely to have balanced shoulders post-index than patients with UIV of T3 or T4 (p = 0.011). Pre-index radiographic shoulder height (RSH) was predictive of post-index shoulder imbalance ≥ 2 cm in the LSE group (p = 0.007). A ROC curve showed a cut-off of 1.0 cm for RSH. 0/16 LSE patients with pre-index RSH < 1.0 cm had post-index shoulder imbalance ≥ 2 cm compared to 8/28 (29%) patients with pre-index RSH > 1.0 cm (p = 0.006). Conclusion: Preoperative LSE > 1.0 cm is predictive of shoulder imbalance ≥ 2 cm after insertion of TGR, MCGR, or VEPTR in children with EOIS. In patients with preoperative RSE, UIV of T2 resulted in a higher likelihood of balanced shoulders postoperatively.
AB - Purpose: Prior research has demonstrated the influence of preoperative shoulder elevation (SE), proximal thoracic curve magnitude, and upper instrumented vertebra (UIV) on shoulder balance after PSF for AIS. Our purpose was to evaluate the impact of these factors on shoulder balance in early onset idiopathic scoliosis (EOIS) patients treated with growth-friendly instrumentation. Methods: This was a multicenter retrospective review. Children with EOIS treated with dual TGR, MCGR, or VEPTR and minimum 2-year follow-up were identified. Demographics and radiographic/surgical data were collected. Results: 145 patients met inclusion criteria: 74 had right SE (RSE), 49 left SE (LSE), and 22 even shoulders (EVEN) preoperatively. Mean follow-up was 5.3 years (range, 2.0–13.1 years). The LSE group had a larger pre-index mean main thoracic curve (p = 0.021) but no difference was observed between groups at the post-index or most recent timepoints. RSE patients with UIV of T2 were more likely to have balanced shoulders post-index than patients with UIV of T3 or T4 (p = 0.011). Pre-index radiographic shoulder height (RSH) was predictive of post-index shoulder imbalance ≥ 2 cm in the LSE group (p = 0.007). A ROC curve showed a cut-off of 1.0 cm for RSH. 0/16 LSE patients with pre-index RSH < 1.0 cm had post-index shoulder imbalance ≥ 2 cm compared to 8/28 (29%) patients with pre-index RSH > 1.0 cm (p = 0.006). Conclusion: Preoperative LSE > 1.0 cm is predictive of shoulder imbalance ≥ 2 cm after insertion of TGR, MCGR, or VEPTR in children with EOIS. In patients with preoperative RSE, UIV of T2 resulted in a higher likelihood of balanced shoulders postoperatively.
KW - Early onset scoliosis
KW - Growing rods
KW - Shoulder balance
KW - Shoulder elevation
KW - Upper instrumented vertebra
KW - VEPTR
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85158938410&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s43390-023-00696-9
DO - 10.1007/s43390-023-00696-9
M3 - Article
C2 - 37155134
AN - SCOPUS:85158938410
SN - 2212-134X
VL - 11
SP - 1157
EP - 1167
JO - Spine deformity
JF - Spine deformity
IS - 5
ER -