TY - JOUR
T1 - Prenatal exposures to organophosphate ester metabolites and early motor development in the MADRES cohort
AU - Hernandez-Castro, Ixel
AU - Eckel, Sandrah P.
AU - Chen, Xinci
AU - Yang, Tingyu
AU - Vigil, Mario J.
AU - Foley, Helen B.
AU - Kannan, Kurunthachalam
AU - Robinson, Morgan
AU - Grubbs, Brendan
AU - Lerner, Deborah
AU - Lurvey, Nathana
AU - Al-Marayati, Laila
AU - Habre, Rima
AU - Dunton, Genevieve F.
AU - Farzan, Shohreh F.
AU - Aung, Max T.
AU - Breton, Carrie V.
AU - Bastain, Theresa M.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2024/2/1
Y1 - 2024/2/1
N2 - Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are increasingly considered neurotoxicants which may impact gross and fine motor development. We evaluated associations between prenatal OPE exposures and infant motor development. Third trimester urinary concentrations of nine OPE metabolites were measured in 329 mother-infant dyads participating in the Maternal And Developmental Risks from Environmental and Social Stressors (MADRES) cohort. Child gross and fine motor development at 6, 9, 12, and 18-months were assessed with the Ages and Stages Questionnaire-3 (ASQ-3) and operationalized in models using dichotomous instrument-specific cutoffs for typical motor development. Five OPE metabolites with >60% detection were specific-gravity-adjusted, natural log-transformed, and modeled continuously, while four metabolites with <60% detection were modeled dichotomously (detected/not-detected). We fit mixed effects logistic regression between OPE metabolites and fine/gross motor development and assessed sex-specific effects using a statistical interaction term and sex-stratified models. Among children, 31% and 23% had gross and fine motor scores, respectively, below the ASQ-3 at-risk cutoffs at least once across infancy. A doubling in prenatal diphenyl phosphate (DPHP) exposure was associated with 26% increased odds of potential fine motor delays (ORfine = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.57, p = 0.04). We also observed significant interactions by infant sex for associations of detected dipropyl phosphate (DPRP) with gross motor development (pinteraction = 0.048) and detected bis(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BCIPP) with fine motor development (pinteraction = 0.02). Females had greater odds of potential motor delays for both detected DPRP (females vs males ORgross (95% CI) = 1.48 (0.71, 3.09), p = 0.30 vs 0.27 (0.06, 1.29), p = 0.10) and detected BCIPP (females vs males ORfine (95% CI) = 2.72 (1.27, 5.85), p = 0.01 vs 0.76 (0.31, 1.90), p = 0.56). There were no other significant associations between other metabolites and motor development, despite similar patterns. We found evidence of adverse effects of prenatal OPE exposures on infant motor development with greater adverse effects among female infants with some OPE metabolites.
AB - Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are increasingly considered neurotoxicants which may impact gross and fine motor development. We evaluated associations between prenatal OPE exposures and infant motor development. Third trimester urinary concentrations of nine OPE metabolites were measured in 329 mother-infant dyads participating in the Maternal And Developmental Risks from Environmental and Social Stressors (MADRES) cohort. Child gross and fine motor development at 6, 9, 12, and 18-months were assessed with the Ages and Stages Questionnaire-3 (ASQ-3) and operationalized in models using dichotomous instrument-specific cutoffs for typical motor development. Five OPE metabolites with >60% detection were specific-gravity-adjusted, natural log-transformed, and modeled continuously, while four metabolites with <60% detection were modeled dichotomously (detected/not-detected). We fit mixed effects logistic regression between OPE metabolites and fine/gross motor development and assessed sex-specific effects using a statistical interaction term and sex-stratified models. Among children, 31% and 23% had gross and fine motor scores, respectively, below the ASQ-3 at-risk cutoffs at least once across infancy. A doubling in prenatal diphenyl phosphate (DPHP) exposure was associated with 26% increased odds of potential fine motor delays (ORfine = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.57, p = 0.04). We also observed significant interactions by infant sex for associations of detected dipropyl phosphate (DPRP) with gross motor development (pinteraction = 0.048) and detected bis(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BCIPP) with fine motor development (pinteraction = 0.02). Females had greater odds of potential motor delays for both detected DPRP (females vs males ORgross (95% CI) = 1.48 (0.71, 3.09), p = 0.30 vs 0.27 (0.06, 1.29), p = 0.10) and detected BCIPP (females vs males ORfine (95% CI) = 2.72 (1.27, 5.85), p = 0.01 vs 0.76 (0.31, 1.90), p = 0.56). There were no other significant associations between other metabolites and motor development, despite similar patterns. We found evidence of adverse effects of prenatal OPE exposures on infant motor development with greater adverse effects among female infants with some OPE metabolites.
KW - Motor development
KW - Neurodevelopment
KW - OPEs
KW - Prenatal exposures
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85180364068
U2 - 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123131
DO - 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123131
M3 - Article
C2 - 38092343
AN - SCOPUS:85180364068
SN - 0269-7491
VL - 342
JO - Environmental Pollution
JF - Environmental Pollution
M1 - 123131
ER -