TY - JOUR
T1 - Pneumonia pathogen characterization is an independent determinant of hospital readmission
AU - Andruska, Adam
AU - Micek, Scott T.
AU - Shindo, Yuichiro
AU - Hampton, Nicholas
AU - Colona, Brian
AU - McCormick, Sandra
AU - Kollef, Marin H.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CHEST PHYSICIANS.
PY - 2015/7/1
Y1 - 2015/7/1
N2 - BACKGROUND: Hospital readmissions for pneumonia occur often and are difficult to predict. For fiscal year 2013, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services readmission penalties have been applied to acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, and pneumonia. However, the overall impact of pneumonia pathogen characterization on hospital readmission is undefined. METHODS: This was a retrospective 6-year cohort study (August 2007 to September 2013). RESULTS: We evaluated 9,624 patients with a discharge diagnosis of pneumonia. Among these patients, 4,432 (46.1%) were classified as having culture-negative pneumonia, 1,940 (20.2%) as having pneumonia caused by antibiotic-susceptible bacteria, 2,991 (31.1%) as having pneumonia caused by potentially antibiotic-resistant bacteria, and 261 (2.7%) as having viral pneumonia. The 90-day hospital readmission rate for survivors (n = 7,637, 79.4%) was greatest for patients with pneumonia attributed to potentially antibiotic-resistant bacteria (11.4%) followed by viral pneumonia (8.3%), pneumonia attributed to antibiotic-susceptible bacteria (6.6%), and culture-negative pneumonia (5.8%) (P<.001). Multiple logistic regression analysis identified pneumonia attributed to potentially antibiotic-resistant bacteria to be independently associated with 90-day readmission (OR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.56-1.97; P<.001). Other independent predictors of 90-day readmission were Charlson comorbidity score >4, cirrhosis, and chronic kidney disease. Culture-negative pneumonia was independently associated with lower risk for 90-day readmission. CONCLUSIONS: Readmission after hospitalization for pneumonia is relatively common and is related to pneumonia pathogen characterization. Pneumonia attributed to potentially antibiotic-resistant bacteria is associated with an increased risk for 90-day readmission, whereas culture-negative pneumonia is associated with lower risk for 90-day readmission.
AB - BACKGROUND: Hospital readmissions for pneumonia occur often and are difficult to predict. For fiscal year 2013, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services readmission penalties have been applied to acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, and pneumonia. However, the overall impact of pneumonia pathogen characterization on hospital readmission is undefined. METHODS: This was a retrospective 6-year cohort study (August 2007 to September 2013). RESULTS: We evaluated 9,624 patients with a discharge diagnosis of pneumonia. Among these patients, 4,432 (46.1%) were classified as having culture-negative pneumonia, 1,940 (20.2%) as having pneumonia caused by antibiotic-susceptible bacteria, 2,991 (31.1%) as having pneumonia caused by potentially antibiotic-resistant bacteria, and 261 (2.7%) as having viral pneumonia. The 90-day hospital readmission rate for survivors (n = 7,637, 79.4%) was greatest for patients with pneumonia attributed to potentially antibiotic-resistant bacteria (11.4%) followed by viral pneumonia (8.3%), pneumonia attributed to antibiotic-susceptible bacteria (6.6%), and culture-negative pneumonia (5.8%) (P<.001). Multiple logistic regression analysis identified pneumonia attributed to potentially antibiotic-resistant bacteria to be independently associated with 90-day readmission (OR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.56-1.97; P<.001). Other independent predictors of 90-day readmission were Charlson comorbidity score >4, cirrhosis, and chronic kidney disease. Culture-negative pneumonia was independently associated with lower risk for 90-day readmission. CONCLUSIONS: Readmission after hospitalization for pneumonia is relatively common and is related to pneumonia pathogen characterization. Pneumonia attributed to potentially antibiotic-resistant bacteria is associated with an increased risk for 90-day readmission, whereas culture-negative pneumonia is associated with lower risk for 90-day readmission.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84937572063&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1378/chest.14-2129
DO - 10.1378/chest.14-2129
M3 - Article
C2 - 25429607
AN - SCOPUS:84937572063
SN - 0012-3692
VL - 148
SP - 103
EP - 111
JO - CHEST
JF - CHEST
IS - 1
ER -