Plasticity and Spontaneous Activity Pulses in Disused Human Brain Circuits

Dillan J. Newbold; Timothy O. Laumann; Catherine R. Hoyt; Jacqueline M. Hampton; David F. Montez; Ryan V. Raut; Mario Ortega; Anish Mitra; Ashley N. Nielsen; Derek B. Miller; Babatunde Adeyemo; Annie L. Nguyen; Kristen M. Scheidter; Aaron B. Tanenbaum; Andrew N. Van; Scott Marek; Bradley L. Schlaggar; Alexandre R. Carter; Deanna J. Greene; Evan M. Gordon; Marcus E. Raichle; Steven E. Petersen; Abraham Z. Snyder; Nico U.F. Dosenbach

doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.05.007

Plasticity and Spontaneous Activity Pulses in Disused Human Brain Circuits

Dillan J. Newbold, Timothy O. Laumann, Catherine R. Hoyt, Jacqueline M. Hampton, David F. Montez, Ryan V. Raut, Mario Ortega, Anish Mitra, Ashley N. Nielsen, Derek B. Miller, Babatunde Adeyemo, Annie L. Nguyen, Kristen M. Scheidter, Aaron B. Tanenbaum, Andrew N. Van, Scott Marek, Bradley L. Schlaggar, Alexandre R. Carter, Deanna J. Greene, Evan M. GordonMarcus E. Raichle, Steven E. Petersen, Abraham Z. Snyder, Nico U.F. Dosenbach

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112 Scopus citations

Abstract

To induce brain plasticity in humans, we casted the dominant upper extremity for 2 weeks and tracked changes in functional connectivity using daily 30-min scans of resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI). Casting caused cortical and cerebellar regions controlling the disused extremity to functionally disconnect from the rest of the somatomotor system, while internal connectivity within the disused sub-circuit was maintained. Functional disconnection was evident within 48 h, progressed throughout the cast period, and reversed after cast removal. During the cast period, large, spontaneous pulses of activity propagated through the disused somatomotor sub-circuit. The adult brain seems to rely on regular use to maintain its functional architecture. Disuse-driven spontaneous activity pulses may help preserve functionally disconnected sub-circuits.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	580-589.e6
Journal	Neuron
Volume	107
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2020.05.007
State	Published - Aug 5 2020

Keywords

ALFF
amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations
cerebellum
disuse
fMRI
functional connectivity
plasticity
primary motor cortex
resting state
spontaneous activity
supplementary motor area

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10.1016/j.neuron.2020.05.007

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Newbold, D. J., Laumann, T. O., Hoyt, C. R., Hampton, J. M., Montez, D. F., Raut, R. V., Ortega, M., Mitra, A., Nielsen, A. N., Miller, D. B., Adeyemo, B., Nguyen, A. L., Scheidter, K. M., Tanenbaum, A. B., Van, A. N., Marek, S., Schlaggar, B. L., Carter, A. R., Greene, D. J., ... Dosenbach, N. U. F. (2020). Plasticity and Spontaneous Activity Pulses in Disused Human Brain Circuits. Neuron, 107(3), 580-589.e6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2020.05.007

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title = "Plasticity and Spontaneous Activity Pulses in Disused Human Brain Circuits",

abstract = "To induce brain plasticity in humans, we casted the dominant upper extremity for 2 weeks and tracked changes in functional connectivity using daily 30-min scans of resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI). Casting caused cortical and cerebellar regions controlling the disused extremity to functionally disconnect from the rest of the somatomotor system, while internal connectivity within the disused sub-circuit was maintained. Functional disconnection was evident within 48 h, progressed throughout the cast period, and reversed after cast removal. During the cast period, large, spontaneous pulses of activity propagated through the disused somatomotor sub-circuit. The adult brain seems to rely on regular use to maintain its functional architecture. Disuse-driven spontaneous activity pulses may help preserve functionally disconnected sub-circuits.",

keywords = "ALFF, amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations, cerebellum, disuse, fMRI, functional connectivity, plasticity, primary motor cortex, resting state, spontaneous activity, supplementary motor area",

author = "Newbold, {Dillan J.} and Laumann, {Timothy O.} and Hoyt, {Catherine R.} and Hampton, {Jacqueline M.} and Montez, {David F.} and Raut, {Ryan V.} and Mario Ortega and Anish Mitra and Nielsen, {Ashley N.} and Miller, {Derek B.} and Babatunde Adeyemo and Nguyen, {Annie L.} and Scheidter, {Kristen M.} and Tanenbaum, {Aaron B.} and Van, {Andrew N.} and Scott Marek and Schlaggar, {Bradley L.} and Carter, {Alexandre R.} and Greene, {Deanna J.} and Gordon, {Evan M.} and Raichle, {Marcus E.} and Petersen, {Steven E.} and Snyder, {Abraham Z.} and Dosenbach, {Nico U.F.}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 Elsevier Inc.",

year = "2020",

month = aug,

day = "5",

doi = "10.1016/j.neuron.2020.05.007",

language = "English",

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Newbold, DJ, Laumann, TO , Hoyt, CR, Hampton, JM, Montez, DF, Raut, RV, Ortega, M, Mitra, A, Nielsen, AN, Miller, DB, Adeyemo, B, Nguyen, AL, Scheidter, KM, Tanenbaum, AB, Van, AN, Marek, S, Schlaggar, BL, Carter, AR, Greene, DJ, Gordon, EM , Raichle, ME, Petersen, SE, Snyder, AZ & Dosenbach, NUF 2020, 'Plasticity and Spontaneous Activity Pulses in Disused Human Brain Circuits', Neuron, vol. 107, no. 3, pp. 580-589.e6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2020.05.007

TY - JOUR

T1 - Plasticity and Spontaneous Activity Pulses in Disused Human Brain Circuits

AU - Newbold, Dillan J.

AU - Laumann, Timothy O.

AU - Hoyt, Catherine R.

AU - Hampton, Jacqueline M.

AU - Montez, David F.

AU - Raut, Ryan V.

AU - Ortega, Mario

AU - Mitra, Anish

AU - Nielsen, Ashley N.

AU - Miller, Derek B.

AU - Adeyemo, Babatunde

AU - Nguyen, Annie L.

AU - Scheidter, Kristen M.

AU - Tanenbaum, Aaron B.

AU - Van, Andrew N.

AU - Marek, Scott

AU - Schlaggar, Bradley L.

AU - Carter, Alexandre R.

AU - Greene, Deanna J.

AU - Gordon, Evan M.

AU - Raichle, Marcus E.

AU - Petersen, Steven E.

AU - Snyder, Abraham Z.

AU - Dosenbach, Nico U.F.

PY - 2020/8/5

Y1 - 2020/8/5

N2 - To induce brain plasticity in humans, we casted the dominant upper extremity for 2 weeks and tracked changes in functional connectivity using daily 30-min scans of resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI). Casting caused cortical and cerebellar regions controlling the disused extremity to functionally disconnect from the rest of the somatomotor system, while internal connectivity within the disused sub-circuit was maintained. Functional disconnection was evident within 48 h, progressed throughout the cast period, and reversed after cast removal. During the cast period, large, spontaneous pulses of activity propagated through the disused somatomotor sub-circuit. The adult brain seems to rely on regular use to maintain its functional architecture. Disuse-driven spontaneous activity pulses may help preserve functionally disconnected sub-circuits.

AB - To induce brain plasticity in humans, we casted the dominant upper extremity for 2 weeks and tracked changes in functional connectivity using daily 30-min scans of resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI). Casting caused cortical and cerebellar regions controlling the disused extremity to functionally disconnect from the rest of the somatomotor system, while internal connectivity within the disused sub-circuit was maintained. Functional disconnection was evident within 48 h, progressed throughout the cast period, and reversed after cast removal. During the cast period, large, spontaneous pulses of activity propagated through the disused somatomotor sub-circuit. The adult brain seems to rely on regular use to maintain its functional architecture. Disuse-driven spontaneous activity pulses may help preserve functionally disconnected sub-circuits.

KW - ALFF

KW - amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations

KW - cerebellum

KW - disuse

KW - fMRI

KW - functional connectivity

KW - plasticity

KW - primary motor cortex

KW - resting state

KW - spontaneous activity

KW - supplementary motor area

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85088867673&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.neuron.2020.05.007

DO - 10.1016/j.neuron.2020.05.007

M3 - Article

C2 - 32778224

AN - SCOPUS:85088867673

SN - 0896-6273

VL - 107

SP - 580-589.e6

JO - Neuron

JF - Neuron

IS - 3

ER -

Plasticity and Spontaneous Activity Pulses in Disused Human Brain Circuits

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Keywords

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