TY - JOUR
T1 - Plant extracellular vesicles contain diverse small RNA species and are enriched in 10- to 17-nucleotide “Tiny” RNAs
AU - Baldrich, Patricia
AU - Rutter, Brian D.
AU - Karimi, Hana Zand
AU - Podicheti, Ram
AU - Meyers, Blake C.
AU - Innes, Roger W.b.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the United States National Science Foundation (grants IOS-1645745 and IOS-1842685 to R.W.I., and IOS-1842698 to B.C.M.). We thank Craig Pikaard for providing seed of dcl2/3/4 Arabidopsis triple mutant, and the Indiana University Physical Biochemistry Instrumentation Facility for access to ultracentrifuges and nanoparticle tracking equipment. We also thank the Indiana University Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics for assistance with the generation and analysis of sRNA-seq data.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 ASPB.
PY - 2019/2
Y1 - 2019/2
N2 - Small RNAs (sRNAs) that are 21 to 24 nucleotides (nt) in length are found in most eukaryotic organisms and regulate numerous biological functions, including transposon silencing, development, reproduction, and stress responses, typically via control of the stability and/or translation of target mRNAs. Major classes of sRNAs in plants include microRNAs (miRNAs) and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs); sRNAs are known to travel as a silencing signal from cell to cell, root to shoot, and even between host and pathogen. In mammals, sRNAs are transported inside extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are mobile membrane-bound compartments that participate in intercellular communication. In addition to sRNAs, EVs carry proteins, lipids, metabolites, and potentially other types of nucleic acids. Here we report that Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) EVs also contain diverse species of sRNA. We found that specific miRNAs and siRNAs are preferentially loaded into plant EVs. We also report a previously overlooked class of “tiny RNAs” (10 to 17 nt) that are highly enriched in EVs. This RNA category of unknown function has a broad and very diverse genome origin and might correspond to degradation products.
AB - Small RNAs (sRNAs) that are 21 to 24 nucleotides (nt) in length are found in most eukaryotic organisms and regulate numerous biological functions, including transposon silencing, development, reproduction, and stress responses, typically via control of the stability and/or translation of target mRNAs. Major classes of sRNAs in plants include microRNAs (miRNAs) and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs); sRNAs are known to travel as a silencing signal from cell to cell, root to shoot, and even between host and pathogen. In mammals, sRNAs are transported inside extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are mobile membrane-bound compartments that participate in intercellular communication. In addition to sRNAs, EVs carry proteins, lipids, metabolites, and potentially other types of nucleic acids. Here we report that Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) EVs also contain diverse species of sRNA. We found that specific miRNAs and siRNAs are preferentially loaded into plant EVs. We also report a previously overlooked class of “tiny RNAs” (10 to 17 nt) that are highly enriched in EVs. This RNA category of unknown function has a broad and very diverse genome origin and might correspond to degradation products.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85063074475&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1105/tpc.18.00872
DO - 10.1105/tpc.18.00872
M3 - Article
C2 - 30705133
AN - SCOPUS:85063074475
SN - 1040-4651
VL - 31
SP - 315
EP - 324
JO - Plant Cell
JF - Plant Cell
IS - 2
ER -