TY - JOUR
T1 - Permeability of the round window membrane is influenced by the composition of applied drug solutions and by common surgical procedures
AU - Mikulec, Anthony A.
AU - Hartsock, Jared J.
AU - Salt, Alec N.
PY - 2008
Y1 - 2008
N2 - Introduction: Intratympanic drug delivery has become widely used in the clinic, but little is known regarding how clinically used drug preparations affect round window membrane (RWM) permeability or how much drug is actually delivered to the cochlea. This study evaluated the effect of clinically relevant carrier solutions and of suction near the RWM on the permeability properties of the RWM. Methods: RWM permeability was assessed by perfusion of the marker trimethylphenylammonium into the round window niche while monitoring entry into perilymph using trimethylphenylammonium-selective electrodes sealed into scala tympani. Results: High-osmolarity solution increased RWM permeability by a factor of 2 to 3, benzyl alcohol (a preservative used in some drug formulations) increased permeability by a factor of 3 to 5, and suctioning near the RWM increased permeability by a factor of 10 to 15. Conclusion: Variations in available drug formulations can potentially alter RWM permeability properties and affect the amount of drug delivered to the inner ear. Drug solution osmolarity, benzyl alcohol content, and possible drying of the RWM during suctioning the middle ear can all have a substantial influence of the perilymph levels of drug achieved.
AB - Introduction: Intratympanic drug delivery has become widely used in the clinic, but little is known regarding how clinically used drug preparations affect round window membrane (RWM) permeability or how much drug is actually delivered to the cochlea. This study evaluated the effect of clinically relevant carrier solutions and of suction near the RWM on the permeability properties of the RWM. Methods: RWM permeability was assessed by perfusion of the marker trimethylphenylammonium into the round window niche while monitoring entry into perilymph using trimethylphenylammonium-selective electrodes sealed into scala tympani. Results: High-osmolarity solution increased RWM permeability by a factor of 2 to 3, benzyl alcohol (a preservative used in some drug formulations) increased permeability by a factor of 3 to 5, and suctioning near the RWM increased permeability by a factor of 10 to 15. Conclusion: Variations in available drug formulations can potentially alter RWM permeability properties and affect the amount of drug delivered to the inner ear. Drug solution osmolarity, benzyl alcohol content, and possible drying of the RWM during suctioning the middle ear can all have a substantial influence of the perilymph levels of drug achieved.
KW - Cochlea
KW - Intratympanic drug delivery
KW - Round window permeability
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=59849084412&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/MAO.0b013e31818658ea
DO - 10.1097/MAO.0b013e31818658ea
M3 - Article
C2 - 18758387
AN - SCOPUS:59849084412
SN - 1531-7129
VL - 29
SP - 1020
EP - 1026
JO - Otology and Neurotology
JF - Otology and Neurotology
IS - 7
ER -