Perioperative and Early Postoperative Comparison of a Modern Cemented and Cementless Total Knee Arthroplasty of the Same Design

Background Cementless total knee arthroplasty (TKA) designs that incorporate a highly porous, titanium surface have the potential to achieve biologic fixation and improve component survivorship. This study's purpose was to compare perioperative and early postoperative outcomes of a cemented vs cementless TKA of the same design. Methods This was a retrospective review of a consecutive series of TKAs performed at a single institution using a cemented or cementless TKA of the same design (Triathlon, Stryker Inc, Mahwah, NJ). All patients with a minimum of 1-year clinical and radiographic follow-up were reviewed, with 1:1 matching performed for age, gender, body mass index, and preoperative Oxford Knee Score. Chi-square or independent student t tests were used for statistical analyses. Results Overall, 62 cemented and 66 cementless TKAs were reviewed, with secondary analyses performed after 1:1 matching of 38 patients in each cohort. In both overall and secondary 1:1 matching analyses, there was no difference in baseline demographics (P =.6-.9). Total operative times were decreased in the cementless cohort (P =.03), but there was no difference in the estimated blood loss or change in hemoglobin levels (P =.2-.7). At a mean of 1.4 ±.5 years postoperatively, patients in both cohorts demonstrated similar improvements in Oxford Knee Scores and satisfaction scores (P =.2-.8), with no patients requiring a revision surgical procedure. Conclusion A recently introduced cementless TKA design demonstrates excellent perioperative and early postoperative results without failures. Continued surveillance is necessary to elucidate the survivorship and potential long-term benefits of this cementless design.