TY - JOUR
T1 - Perilesional edema in radiation necrosis reflects axonal degeneration
AU - Perez-Torres, Carlos J.
AU - Yuan, Liya
AU - Schmidt, Robert E.
AU - Rich, Keith M.
AU - Ackerman, Joseph J.H.
AU - Garbow, Joel R.
N1 - Funding Information:
We wish to thank Messrs. John Engelbach and Jeremy Cates, and Dr. Robert Drzymala for their assistance in generating the radiation necrosis mouse model. We also wish to thank Dr. Sheng-Kwei Song for discussions regarding white-matter pathology in the mouse brain. This project has been supported by NIH grant R01 CA155365 (JRG), and funding from the Alvin J. Siteman Comprehensive Cancer Center (P30 CA091842), the Barnes-Jewish Hospital Foundation Cancer Frontier Fund, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, and Elekta Instruments AB (Stockholm, Sweden).
Publisher Copyright:
© Perez-Torres et al.
PY - 2015/1/31
Y1 - 2015/1/31
N2 - Background: Recently, we characterized a Gamma Knife® radiation necrosis mouse model with various magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocols to identify biomarkers useful in differentiation from tumors. Though the irradiation was focal to one hemisphere, a contralateral injury was observed that appeared to be localized in the white matter only. Interestingly, this injury was identifiable in T2-weighted images, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) maps, but not on post-contrast T1-weighted images. This observation of edema independent of vascular changes is akin to the perilesional edema seen in clinical radiation necrosis. Findings: The pathology underlying the observed white-matter MRI changes was explored by performing immunohistochemistry for healthy axons and myelin. The presence of both healthy axons and myelin was reduced in the contralateral white-matter lesion. Conclusions: Based on our immunohistochemical findings, the contralateral white-matter injury is most likely due to axonal degeneration.
AB - Background: Recently, we characterized a Gamma Knife® radiation necrosis mouse model with various magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocols to identify biomarkers useful in differentiation from tumors. Though the irradiation was focal to one hemisphere, a contralateral injury was observed that appeared to be localized in the white matter only. Interestingly, this injury was identifiable in T2-weighted images, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) maps, but not on post-contrast T1-weighted images. This observation of edema independent of vascular changes is akin to the perilesional edema seen in clinical radiation necrosis. Findings: The pathology underlying the observed white-matter MRI changes was explored by performing immunohistochemistry for healthy axons and myelin. The presence of both healthy axons and myelin was reduced in the contralateral white-matter lesion. Conclusions: Based on our immunohistochemical findings, the contralateral white-matter injury is most likely due to axonal degeneration.
KW - Axonal degeneration
KW - Radiation necrosis
KW - White matter injury
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84924255394&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1186/s13014-015-0335-6
DO - 10.1186/s13014-015-0335-6
M3 - Article
C2 - 25636531
AN - SCOPUS:84924255394
VL - 10
JO - Radiation oncology (London, England)
JF - Radiation oncology (London, England)
SN - 1748-717X
IS - 1
M1 - 33
ER -