Pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis: Modeling the innate immune response

Scott M. Tanner, Taylor F. Berryhill, James L. Ellenburg, Tamas Jilling, Dava S. Cleveland, Robin G. Lorenz, Colin A. Martin

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

142 Scopus citations

Abstract

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in premature infants. The pathophysiology is likely secondary to innate immune responses to intestinal microbiota by the premature infant's intestinal tract, leading to inflammation and injury. This review provides an updated summary of the components of the innate immune system involved in NEC pathogenesis. In addition, we evaluate the animal models that have been used to study NEC with regard to the involvement of innate immune factors and histopathological changes as compared to those seen in infants with NEC. Finally, we discuss new approaches to studying NEC, including mathematical models of intestinal injury and the use of humanized mice.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)4-16
Number of pages13
JournalAmerican Journal of Pathology
Volume185
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 1 2015

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