Next-Generation Sequencing of Lung Cancers: Lessons Learned and Future Directions

Targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors have significantly improved outcomes in a sizable fraction of patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. Nevertheless, a majority of patients with lung cancer continue to have poor outcomes. The ability to comprehensively characterize the genomic alterations in various subtypes of lung cancer has the potential to transform cancer care by facilitating the identification of novel treatment strategies. The objective of this review is to summarize key findings from recent studies that have sequenced a large number of lung cancer samples and discuss the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic relevance of these findings.