TY - JOUR
T1 - Molecular markers for bladder cancer
T2 - The road to a multimarker approach
AU - Birkhahn, Marc
AU - Mitra, Anirban P.
AU - Cote, Richard J.
N1 - Funding Information:
Studies described in this review were supported in part by National Institutes of Health Grants CA-70903, CA-14089, CA-86871 and CA-103455, and National Cancer Institute Grant CA-71921.
PY - 2007/12
Y1 - 2007/12
N2 - Bladder cancer is the seventh most common malignancy worldwide, with almost 14,000 patients dying from this disease in the USA alone. Because of the need for long-term and frequent follow-up, as well as the paucity of sensitive and specific noninvasive tests, bladder cancer management has the highest cost per patient among all cancer types. Several molecular markers, especially members of the cell cycle regulation and apoptosis pathways, have been investigated. However, no individual marker has been prognostically powerful enough to change clinical management. The combined analysis of a panel of markers spanning different pathways is the most promising approach. We give an overview of the most important molecular markers functioning in crucial pathways and focus on their role in multimarker analysis.
AB - Bladder cancer is the seventh most common malignancy worldwide, with almost 14,000 patients dying from this disease in the USA alone. Because of the need for long-term and frequent follow-up, as well as the paucity of sensitive and specific noninvasive tests, bladder cancer management has the highest cost per patient among all cancer types. Several molecular markers, especially members of the cell cycle regulation and apoptosis pathways, have been investigated. However, no individual marker has been prognostically powerful enough to change clinical management. The combined analysis of a panel of markers spanning different pathways is the most promising approach. We give an overview of the most important molecular markers functioning in crucial pathways and focus on their role in multimarker analysis.
KW - Apoptosis
KW - Marker panel
KW - Multimarker analysis
KW - Protein expression
KW - Retinoblastoma
KW - Urothelial carcinoma
KW - p53
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=37349089371&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1586/14737140.7.12.1717
DO - 10.1586/14737140.7.12.1717
M3 - Review article
C2 - 18062746
AN - SCOPUS:37349089371
SN - 1473-7140
VL - 7
SP - 1717
EP - 1727
JO - Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy
JF - Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy
IS - 12
ER -