TY - JOUR
T1 - Molecular biology of human T cell leukemia virus
AU - Ratner, Lee
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by PHS grants ( P01 CA100730 , R01 CA063417 , R21 CA234640 , R21 AI26652 ) and Siteman Cancer Center Investmant Program awards (to L.R. and T.F.).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2020/3
Y1 - 2020/3
N2 - Human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a horizontally transmitted virus infection of CD4+ lymphocytes which causes adult T cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATLL) and HTLV-associated myelopathy (HAM). The viral genome encodes two oncoproteins, transactivator protein (Tax) and helix basic zipper protein (HBZ), which are considered tumor initiator and maintenance factors, respectively. Tax is the primary inducer of clonal infected T cell expansion, and genetic instability. The immune response to Tax results in the selection of cells with little or no Tax expression, which have undergone genetic and epigenetic alterations that promote T cell activation, proliferation, and resistance to apoptosis. This selection of malignant cells occurs over several decades in 5% of infected individuals. Novel insights into the molecular details of each of these events has led to targeted therapies for ATLL.
AB - Human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a horizontally transmitted virus infection of CD4+ lymphocytes which causes adult T cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATLL) and HTLV-associated myelopathy (HAM). The viral genome encodes two oncoproteins, transactivator protein (Tax) and helix basic zipper protein (HBZ), which are considered tumor initiator and maintenance factors, respectively. Tax is the primary inducer of clonal infected T cell expansion, and genetic instability. The immune response to Tax results in the selection of cells with little or no Tax expression, which have undergone genetic and epigenetic alterations that promote T cell activation, proliferation, and resistance to apoptosis. This selection of malignant cells occurs over several decades in 5% of infected individuals. Novel insights into the molecular details of each of these events has led to targeted therapies for ATLL.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85065596192&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1053/j.semdp.2019.04.003
DO - 10.1053/j.semdp.2019.04.003
M3 - Review article
C2 - 31103249
AN - SCOPUS:85065596192
SN - 0740-2570
VL - 37
SP - 104
EP - 109
JO - Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology
JF - Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology
IS - 2
ER -