TY - JOUR
T1 - Modulation of immune responses following solid organ transplantation by microRNA
AU - Sarma, Nayan J.
AU - Tiriveedhi, Venkataswarup
AU - Ramachandran, Sabarinathan
AU - Crippin, Jeffrey
AU - Chapman, William
AU - Mohanakumar, T.
PY - 2012/12
Y1 - 2012/12
N2 - Organ transplantation, an accepted treatment for end stage organ failure, is often complicated by allograft rejection and disease recurrence. In this review we will discuss the potential role of microRNAs in allograft immunity especially leading to rejection of the transplanted organ. microRNAs (miRNAs), originally identified in C. elegans, are short non-coding 21-24 nucleotide sequences that bind to its complementary sequences in functional messenger RNAs and inhibits post-translational processes through RNA duplex formation resulting in gene silencing (Lau et al., 2001). Gene specific translational silencing by miRNAs regulates pathways for immune responses such as development of innate immunity, inflammation, T-cell and B-cell differentiation and signaling that are implicated in various stages of allograft rejection. miRNAs also play a role in development of post-transplant complicacies like fibrosis, cirrhosis, carcinogenesis often leading to graft loss and poor patient outcome. Recent advancements in the methods for detecting and quantifying miRNA in tissue biopsies, as well as in serum and urine samples, has led to identification of specific miRNA signatures in patients with allograft rejection and have been utilized to predict allograft status and survival. Therefore, miRNAs play a significant role in post-transplant events including allograft rejection, disease recurrence and tumor development impacting patient outcome.
AB - Organ transplantation, an accepted treatment for end stage organ failure, is often complicated by allograft rejection and disease recurrence. In this review we will discuss the potential role of microRNAs in allograft immunity especially leading to rejection of the transplanted organ. microRNAs (miRNAs), originally identified in C. elegans, are short non-coding 21-24 nucleotide sequences that bind to its complementary sequences in functional messenger RNAs and inhibits post-translational processes through RNA duplex formation resulting in gene silencing (Lau et al., 2001). Gene specific translational silencing by miRNAs regulates pathways for immune responses such as development of innate immunity, inflammation, T-cell and B-cell differentiation and signaling that are implicated in various stages of allograft rejection. miRNAs also play a role in development of post-transplant complicacies like fibrosis, cirrhosis, carcinogenesis often leading to graft loss and poor patient outcome. Recent advancements in the methods for detecting and quantifying miRNA in tissue biopsies, as well as in serum and urine samples, has led to identification of specific miRNA signatures in patients with allograft rejection and have been utilized to predict allograft status and survival. Therefore, miRNAs play a significant role in post-transplant events including allograft rejection, disease recurrence and tumor development impacting patient outcome.
KW - B-cell
KW - Biomarkers
KW - Chronic rejection
KW - Gene regulation
KW - Inflammation
KW - MicroRNA
KW - T-cell
KW - Therapeutics
KW - Transplantation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84870720436&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.yexmp.2012.09.020
DO - 10.1016/j.yexmp.2012.09.020
M3 - Article
C2 - 23036474
AN - SCOPUS:84870720436
SN - 0014-4800
VL - 93
SP - 378
EP - 385
JO - Experimental and Molecular Pathology
JF - Experimental and Molecular Pathology
IS - 3
ER -