Models of mental health recovery: An overview of systematic reviews and qualitative meta-syntheses.

Objective: This study systematically reviews the systematic review (SR) evidence on mental health recovery from the perspective of adults with mental illness. Methods: Web of Science, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, CINAHL, PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, and the libraries of the Cochrane Collaboration, Campbell Collaboration, and Joanna Briggs Institute were searched to identify eligible SRs including qualitative primary research. Two reviewers independently conducted data extraction and quality assessment. Overlap of primary studies was calculated. A framework for recovery was generated using reflexive thematic analysis. Results: An ecological model of recovery that included elements of psychological well-being was generated from 25 studies bridging personal/clinical, individual/social, and process/outcome conceptualizations of recovery. The first theme was a definition of recovery as a transformation from a negative identity state marked by despair, brokenness, and helplessness to a positive state of psychological well-being. This transformation was contingent upon four additional themes that included: (a) social and environmental conditions supporting access to basic resources and safety; (b) development of a sense of autonomy and personal responsibility; (c) roles and relationships that facilitated the personal experience of belonging and meaning; and (d) enlightenment defined as acceptance of the illness as a part of oneself and insight into how to promote well-being. Conclusions and Implications for Practice: Professionals working in recovery-oriented systems must consider how the subjective self-representations of persons with mental illness and objective social relationships interact to impact recovery. We close by discussing interventions that may promote the personal and social conditions of recovery. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) Evidence from systematic reviews of persons with mental illness supports an ecological model of mental health recovery. Clinicians and peers serving persons with mental illness must assess how structural, interpersonal, and intrapersonal factors inhibit or amplify the subjective experience of recovery. Wellness and recovery-oriented services play an important role in supporting positive psychological growth.