TY - JOUR
T1 - Mitochondrial cytochrome c biogenesis
T2 - No longer an enigma
AU - Babbitt, Shalon E.
AU - Sutherland, Molly C.
AU - Francisco, Brian San
AU - Mendez, Deanna L.
AU - Kranz, Robert G.
N1 - Funding Information:
R.G.K. is supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH) GM47909. S.E.B. is supported in part by NIH F32GM108278. M.C.S. is a W.M. Keck Fellow.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 Elsevier Ltd.
PY - 2015/8/1
Y1 - 2015/8/1
N2 - Cytochromes c (cyt c) and c1 are heme proteins that are essential for aerobic respiration. Release of cyt c from mitochondria is an important signal in apoptosis initiation. Biogenesis of c-type cytochromes involves covalent attachment of heme to two cysteines (at a conserved CXXCH sequence) in the apocytochrome. Heme attachment is catalyzed in most mitochondria by holocytochrome c synthase (HCCS), which is also necessary for the import of apocytochrome c (apocyt c). Thus, HCCS affects cellular levels of cyt c, impacting mitochondrial physiology and cell death. Here, we review the mechanisms of HCCS function and the roles of heme and residues in the CXXCH motif. Additionally, we consider concepts emerging within the two prokaryotic cytochrome c biogenesis pathways.
AB - Cytochromes c (cyt c) and c1 are heme proteins that are essential for aerobic respiration. Release of cyt c from mitochondria is an important signal in apoptosis initiation. Biogenesis of c-type cytochromes involves covalent attachment of heme to two cysteines (at a conserved CXXCH sequence) in the apocytochrome. Heme attachment is catalyzed in most mitochondria by holocytochrome c synthase (HCCS), which is also necessary for the import of apocytochrome c (apocyt c). Thus, HCCS affects cellular levels of cyt c, impacting mitochondrial physiology and cell death. Here, we review the mechanisms of HCCS function and the roles of heme and residues in the CXXCH motif. Additionally, we consider concepts emerging within the two prokaryotic cytochrome c biogenesis pathways.
KW - Cytochrome c
KW - Heme attachment
KW - Holocytochrome c synthase
KW - Mitochondria
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84937519396&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.tibs.2015.05.006
DO - 10.1016/j.tibs.2015.05.006
M3 - Review article
C2 - 26073510
AN - SCOPUS:84937519396
SN - 0968-0004
VL - 40
SP - 446
EP - 455
JO - Trends in biochemical sciences
JF - Trends in biochemical sciences
IS - 8
ER -