TY - JOUR
T1 - Metagenomic approach for identification of the pathogens associated with diarrhea in stool specimens
AU - Zhou, Yanjiao
AU - Wylie, Kristine M.
AU - Feghaly, Rana E.El
AU - Mihindukulasuriya, Kathie A.
AU - Elward, Alexis
AU - Haslam, David B.
AU - Storch, Gregory A.
AU - Weinstock, George M.
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank Phillip Tarr and Carey-Ann Burnham for their careful and critical reading. We thank Sheila Mason and Richard Buller for their work on the PCR validation of sequencing results. NIH provided funding to George Weinstock under grant number U54HG004968.
Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2016 Mokhtari et al.
PY - 2016/2
Y1 - 2016/2
N2 - The potential to rapidly capture the entire microbial community structure and/or gene content makes metagenomic sequencing an attractive tool for pathogen identification and the detection of resistance/virulence genes in clinical settings. Here, we assessed the consistency between PCR from a diagnostic laboratory, quantitative PCR (qPCR) from a research laboratory, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and metagenomic shotgun sequencing (MSS) for Clostridium difficile identification in diarrhea stool samples. Twenty-Two C. difficile-positive diarrhea samples identified by PCR and qPCR and five C. difficile-negative diarrhea controls were studied. C. difficile was detected in 90.9% of C. difficile-positive samples using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and C. difficile was detected in 86.3% of C. difficile-positive samples using MSS. CFU inferred from qPCR analysis were positively correlated with the relative abundance of C. difficile from 16S rRNA gene sequencing (r2=0.60) and MSS (r2=0.55). C. difficile was codetected with Clostridium perfringens, norovirus, sapovirus, parechovirus, and anellovirus in 3.7% to 27.3% of the samples. A high load of Candida spp. was found in a symptomatic control sample in which no causative agents for diarrhea were identified in routine clinical testing. Beta-lactamase and tetracycline resistance genes were the most prevalent (25.9%) antibiotic resistance genes in these samples. In summary, the proof-of-concept study demonstrated that next-generation sequencing (NGS) in pathogen detection is moderately correlated with laboratory testing and is advantageous in detecting pathogens without a priori knowledge.
AB - The potential to rapidly capture the entire microbial community structure and/or gene content makes metagenomic sequencing an attractive tool for pathogen identification and the detection of resistance/virulence genes in clinical settings. Here, we assessed the consistency between PCR from a diagnostic laboratory, quantitative PCR (qPCR) from a research laboratory, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and metagenomic shotgun sequencing (MSS) for Clostridium difficile identification in diarrhea stool samples. Twenty-Two C. difficile-positive diarrhea samples identified by PCR and qPCR and five C. difficile-negative diarrhea controls were studied. C. difficile was detected in 90.9% of C. difficile-positive samples using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and C. difficile was detected in 86.3% of C. difficile-positive samples using MSS. CFU inferred from qPCR analysis were positively correlated with the relative abundance of C. difficile from 16S rRNA gene sequencing (r2=0.60) and MSS (r2=0.55). C. difficile was codetected with Clostridium perfringens, norovirus, sapovirus, parechovirus, and anellovirus in 3.7% to 27.3% of the samples. A high load of Candida spp. was found in a symptomatic control sample in which no causative agents for diarrhea were identified in routine clinical testing. Beta-lactamase and tetracycline resistance genes were the most prevalent (25.9%) antibiotic resistance genes in these samples. In summary, the proof-of-concept study demonstrated that next-generation sequencing (NGS) in pathogen detection is moderately correlated with laboratory testing and is advantageous in detecting pathogens without a priori knowledge.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84956668654&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1128/JCM.01965-15
DO - 10.1128/JCM.01965-15
M3 - Article
C2 - 26637379
AN - SCOPUS:84956668654
SN - 0095-1137
VL - 54
SP - 368
EP - 375
JO - Journal of Clinical Microbiology
JF - Journal of Clinical Microbiology
IS - 2
ER -