TY - JOUR
T1 - Mechanisms of aromatase inhibitor resistance
AU - Ma, Cynthia X.
AU - Reinert, Tomás
AU - Chmielewska, Izabela
AU - Ellis, Matthew J.
N1 - Funding Information:
C.X.M. is supported by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Cancer Clinical Investigator Team Leadership Award, the Breast Cancer Research Foundation, the Siteman Cancer Center, and the Susan G. Komen Foundation. All four authors were supported by the AVON visiting scholarship program during the development of the manuscript. M.J.E. is also supported by R01 CA095614, the Barnes-Jewish Foundation, the Breast Cancer Research Foundation, the Susan G. Komen Foundation, a McNair Scholarship, the Cancer Prevention Research Institute of Texas, Lester and Sue Smith, the Glen Smith Family and the Theresa Research Foundation for Metastatic Breast Cancer.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved.
PY - 2015/4/24
Y1 - 2015/4/24
N2 - Oestrogen receptor-positive (ER +) breast cancer is a major cause of cancer death in women. Although aromatase inhibitors suppress the function of ER and reduce the risk of recurrence, therapeutic resistance is common and essentially inevitable in advanced disease. This Review considers both genomic and cell biological explanations as to why ER + breast cancer cells persist, progress and cause an incurable, lethal, systemic disease. The design and outcomes of clinical trials are considered with the perspective that resistance mechanisms are heterogeneous, and therefore biomarker and somatic mutation-based stratification and eligibility will be essential for improvements in patient outcomes.
AB - Oestrogen receptor-positive (ER +) breast cancer is a major cause of cancer death in women. Although aromatase inhibitors suppress the function of ER and reduce the risk of recurrence, therapeutic resistance is common and essentially inevitable in advanced disease. This Review considers both genomic and cell biological explanations as to why ER + breast cancer cells persist, progress and cause an incurable, lethal, systemic disease. The design and outcomes of clinical trials are considered with the perspective that resistance mechanisms are heterogeneous, and therefore biomarker and somatic mutation-based stratification and eligibility will be essential for improvements in patient outcomes.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84928569381&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1038/nrc3920
DO - 10.1038/nrc3920
M3 - Review article
C2 - 25907219
AN - SCOPUS:84928569381
VL - 15
SP - 261
EP - 275
JO - Nature Reviews Cancer
JF - Nature Reviews Cancer
SN - 1474-175X
IS - 5
ER -