@article{b4e9c35d9bde49c48d5b60b25f92a706,
title = "Maturation of large-scale brain systems over the first month of life",
abstract = "The period immediately after birth is a critical developmental window, capturing rapid maturation of brain structure and a child's earliest experiences. Large-scale brain systems are present at delivery, but how these brain systems mature during this narrow window (i.e. first weeks of life) marked by heightened neuroplasticity remains uncharted. Using multivariate pattern classification techniques and functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging, we detected robust differences in brain systems related to age in newborns (n = 262; R2 = 0.51). Development over the first month of life occurred brain-wide, but differed and was more pronounced in brain systems previously characterized as developing early (i.e. sensorimotor networks) than in those characterized as developing late (i.e. association networks). The cingulo-opercular network was the only exception to this organizing principle, illuminating its early role in brain development. This study represents a step towards a normative brain {"}growth curve{"}that could be used to identify atypical brain maturation in infancy.",
keywords = "development, fMRI, functional connectivity, infant, machine learning",
author = "Nielsen, {Ashley N.} and Sydney Kaplan and Dominique Meyer and Dimitrios Alexopoulos and Kenley, {Jeanette K.} and Smyser, {Tara A.} and Wakschlag, {Lauren S.} and Norton, {Elizabeth S.} and Nandini Raghuraman and Warner, {Barbara B.} and Shimony, {Joshua S.} and Luby, {Joan L.} and Neil, {Jeffery J.} and Petersen, {Steven E.} and Barch, {Deanna M.} and Rogers, {Cynthia E.} and Sylvester, {Chad M.} and Smyser, {Christopher D.}",
note = "Funding Information: This research was supported by National Institute of Health (grant nos. R01 MH121877 to L.S.W., J.L.L., C.E.R., R01 DA046224 to C.E.R. and C.D.S, K23 MH109983 to C.M.S., R01 MH122389 to C.M.S., K02 NS089852 to C.D.S., R01 MH113570 to C.D.S. and C.E.R., and R01 MH113883 to C.D.S., J.L.L. and B.W.W.); Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center (P50 HD103525 to C.D.S., C.E.R., and J.S.S.; K23 MH105179 to C.E.R.; R01 MH090786 to D.M.B.); the McDonnell Center for Systems Neuroscience (C.M.S.); the Taylor Family Institute (C.M.S.); the Parker Fund (C.M.S.); the Foundation for Society of Maternal-Fetal Medicine (N.R.); the American Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Foundation Scholars Award (N.R.); the March of Dimes Foundation; and institutional support from St. Louis Children{\textquoteright}s Hospital, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, and Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine. Conflict of interest statement: None declared. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.",
year = "2023",
month = mar,
day = "15",
doi = "10.1093/cercor/bhac242",
language = "English",
volume = "33",
pages = "2788--2803",
journal = "Cerebral Cortex",
issn = "1047-3211",
number = "6",
}