TY - JOUR
T1 - Matrix metalloproteinase inhibition modifies left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction in pigs
AU - Yarbrough, William M.
AU - Mukherjee, Rupak
AU - Brinsa, Theresa A.
AU - Dowdy, Kathryn B.
AU - Scott, Amelia A.
AU - Escobar, G. Patricia
AU - Joffs, Cassandra
AU - Lucas, David G.
AU - Crawford, Fred A.
AU - Spinale, Francis G.
AU - Damiano, Ralph J.
AU - Yacoub, Magdi H.
AU - Sellke, Frank W.
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute grants HL-45024, HL-97012, and PO1-48788 and the National Institutes of Health postdoctoral training grant HL-07260.
PY - 2003/3/1
Y1 - 2003/3/1
N2 - Background: Global and regional shape changes that occur within the left ventricular wall after myocardial infarction have been termed infarct expansion. A potential mechanism for this postinfarction remodeling is activation of the matrix metalloproteinases. Accordingly, the present study examined the effects of matrix metalloproteinase inhibition on left ventricular global geometry after myocardial infarction in pigs. Methods: Myocardial infarction was created in pigs by means of occlusion of the first and second obtuse marginal branches of the circumflex coronary artery, resulting in a uniform left ventricular free wall infarct size of 21% ± 2%. At 5 days after infarction, the pigs were randomized to undergo broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase inhibition (n = 9; PD166793, 20 mg · kg-1 · d-1 by mouth) or myocardial infarction alone (n = 8). Ten pigs served as noninfarction control animals. Left ventricular end-diastolic area, determined by means of echocardiography, was measured 8 weeks after infarction. Results: Left ventricular end-diastolic area increased in both the myocardial infarction plus broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase inhibition and myocardial infarction only groups compared to reference control animals (3.7 ± 0.2 cm2), but was reduced with broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase inhibition compared to myocardial infarction alone (4.5 ± 0.2 vs 4.9 ± 0.2 cm2, respectively; P < .05). Regional radial stress within the infarct region increased in both infarction groups when compared to values obtained from reference control animals (599 ± 152 g/cm2), but was attenuated in the myocardial infarction plus broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase inhibition group compared to the myocardial infarction alone group (663 ± 108 vs 1242 ± 251 g/cm2, respectively; P < .05). Similarly, regional myocardial stiffness increased in both the myocardial infarction plus broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase inhibition and the myocardial infarction only groups compared with that observed in reference control animals (14 ± 1 rkm, P < .05) but was lower with broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase inhibition than with myocardial infarction alone (42 ± 6 vs 68 ± 10 rkm, respectively; P < .05). Conclusions: Matrix metalloproteinase inhibition reduced postinfarction left ventricular dilation, reduced regional myocardial wall stress, and modified myocardial material properties. These unique findings suggest that increased myocardial matrix metalloproteinase activation after infarction contributes directly to the left ventricular remodeling process.
AB - Background: Global and regional shape changes that occur within the left ventricular wall after myocardial infarction have been termed infarct expansion. A potential mechanism for this postinfarction remodeling is activation of the matrix metalloproteinases. Accordingly, the present study examined the effects of matrix metalloproteinase inhibition on left ventricular global geometry after myocardial infarction in pigs. Methods: Myocardial infarction was created in pigs by means of occlusion of the first and second obtuse marginal branches of the circumflex coronary artery, resulting in a uniform left ventricular free wall infarct size of 21% ± 2%. At 5 days after infarction, the pigs were randomized to undergo broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase inhibition (n = 9; PD166793, 20 mg · kg-1 · d-1 by mouth) or myocardial infarction alone (n = 8). Ten pigs served as noninfarction control animals. Left ventricular end-diastolic area, determined by means of echocardiography, was measured 8 weeks after infarction. Results: Left ventricular end-diastolic area increased in both the myocardial infarction plus broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase inhibition and myocardial infarction only groups compared to reference control animals (3.7 ± 0.2 cm2), but was reduced with broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase inhibition compared to myocardial infarction alone (4.5 ± 0.2 vs 4.9 ± 0.2 cm2, respectively; P < .05). Regional radial stress within the infarct region increased in both infarction groups when compared to values obtained from reference control animals (599 ± 152 g/cm2), but was attenuated in the myocardial infarction plus broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase inhibition group compared to the myocardial infarction alone group (663 ± 108 vs 1242 ± 251 g/cm2, respectively; P < .05). Similarly, regional myocardial stiffness increased in both the myocardial infarction plus broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase inhibition and the myocardial infarction only groups compared with that observed in reference control animals (14 ± 1 rkm, P < .05) but was lower with broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase inhibition than with myocardial infarction alone (42 ± 6 vs 68 ± 10 rkm, respectively; P < .05). Conclusions: Matrix metalloproteinase inhibition reduced postinfarction left ventricular dilation, reduced regional myocardial wall stress, and modified myocardial material properties. These unique findings suggest that increased myocardial matrix metalloproteinase activation after infarction contributes directly to the left ventricular remodeling process.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0037348569&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1067/mtc.2003.197
DO - 10.1067/mtc.2003.197
M3 - Article
C2 - 12658202
AN - SCOPUS:0037348569
SN - 0022-5223
VL - 125
SP - 602
EP - 610
JO - Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
JF - Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
IS - 3
ER -